sendmail. 4th Edition

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• sendmail, 4th Edition
• Dedication
• Preface
  • Changes Since the Previous Edition
  • Why This Book Is Necessary
  • History
  • Thoughts from Eric Allman
  • Organization
  • Audience and Assumptions
  • Unix and sendmail Versions
  • Conventions Used in This Book
  • Using Code Examples
  • Additional Sources of Information
  • Other Books, Other Problems
  • How to Contact Us
  • Safari Books Online
  • Acknowledgments
• 1. Some Basics
  • Email Basics
  • Requests for Comments (RFCs)
  • Email and sendmail
    • Other MTAs
    • Why sendmail Is So Complex
  • Basic Parts of sendmail
    • The Configuration File
    • The Queue
    • Aliases and Mailing Lists
  • Basic Parts of a Mail Message
    • Run sendmail by Hand
    • The Header
    • The Body
    • The Envelope
  • Basic Roles of sendmail
    • Role in the Filesystem
    • Role in the aliases File
    • Role in Queue Management
    • Role in Local Delivery
    • Delivery to a Mailbox
    • Delivery Through a Program
    • Role in Network Transport
    • Role in TCP/IP
    • Role in UUCP
    • Role in Other Protocols
    • Role As a Daemon
  • Basic Modes of sendmail
    • How to Run sendmail
      • Become a mode (-b)
      • Daemon mode (-bd)
    • Kill and Restart, Beginning with V8.7
      • Kill and restart with V8.6
      • Kill and restart, very old versions
      • If you forget to kill the daemon
    • Show Queue Mode (-bp)
    • Rebuild Aliases Mode (-bi)
    • Verify Mode (-bv)
    • Verbose Mode (-v)
    • Debugging Mode (-d)
  • The sendmail.cf File
    • Configuration Commands
    • The version Command
    • Comments
    • A Quick Tour
      • Mail delivery agents
      • Macros
      • Rules
      • Rule sets
      • Class macros
      • File class macros
      • Options
      • Headers
      • Priority
      • Trusted users
      • Keyed databases
      • Environment variables
      • Queues defined
      • External filter programs
• I. Administration
  • 2. Download, Build, and Install
    • Vendor Versus Compiling
    • Download the Source
    • Whats Where in the Source
      • The Top-Level Build Script
      • The contrib Directory
      • The devtools Directory
      • The doc Directory
      • The include Directory
      • The INSTALL File
      • The KNOWNBUGS File
      • The libmilter Directory
      • The libsm Directory
      • The libsmdb Directory
      • The libsmutil Directory
      • The LICENSE File
      • The Makefile File
      • The PGPKEYS File
      • The README File
      • The RELEASE_NOTES File
      • The test Directory
    • Build sendmail
      • The Build Script
      • Build with m4
      • Run Build
      • If You Change Your m4 Build File
      • Use libresolv.a
      • Badly Defined sys_errlist
      • Error at or Near Variable
      • Undefined Symbol strtoul
      • warning: & before array
      • Other Considerations
    • Install sendmail
      • Add smmsp to /etc/passwd
      • Add smmsp to /etc/group
      • Modify init Files
      • The submit.cf File
      • Error /etc/mail Not a Directory
      • The MAIL_SETTINGS_DIR mc Macro
      • The Wrong Symbolic Link
    • Pitfalls
    • Build m4 Macro Reference
      • APPENDDEF( )
      • confBEFORE
      • confBLDVARIANT
      • confBUILDBIN
      • confCC
      • confCCLINK
      • confCCOPTS
      • confCCOPTS_SO
      • confCOPY
      • confDEPEND_TYPE
      • confDEPLIBS
      • confDONT_INSTALL_CATMAN
      • confEBINDIR
      • confENVDEF and conf_prog_ENVDEF
      • confFORCE_RMAIL
      • confGBIN...
      • confHFDIR
      • confHFFILE
      • confINCDIRS
      • confINC...
      • confINSTALL
      • confINSTALL_RAWMAN
      • confLD
      • confLDOPTS
      • confLDOPTS_SO
      • confLIB...
      • confLIBDIRS
      • confLIBS and conf_prog_LIBS
      • confLIBSEARCH
      • confLIBSEARCHPATH
      • confLN
      • confLNOPTS
      • confLINKS
      • confMAN...
        • The formatted source files
        • Where to install the manuals
        • Adding tags to the manual
        • Permissions and ownership of the installed manuals
        • Program and arguments used for formatting
        • Which macro package to use when formatting
      • confMAPDEF
      • confMBIN...
      • confMKDIR
      • confMSPQOWN
      • confMSP_QUEUE_DIR
      • confMSP_STFILE
      • confMTCCOPTS
      • confMTLDOPTS
      • confNO_HELPFILE_INSTALL
      • confNO_MAN_BUILD
      • confNO_MAN_INSTALL
      • confNO_STATISTICS_INSTALL
      • confOBJADD
      • confOPTIMIZE
      • confRANLIB
      • confRANLIBOPTS
      • confREQUIRE_LIBSM
      • confSBINDIR
      • confSBINGRP
      • confSBINMODE
      • confSBINOWN
      • confSHAREDLIB...
      • confSHELL
      • confSM_OS_HEADER
      • confSMOBJADD
      • confSMSRCADD
      • confSONAME
      • conf_prog_OBJADD
      • conf_prog_SRCADD
      • confSRCDIR
      • confSTDIOTYPE
      • confSTDIR
      • confSTFILE and confSTMODE
      • confSTRIP
      • confSTRIPOPTS
      • confUBINDIR
      • confUBINGRP
      • confUBINMODE
      • confUBINOWN
      • PREPENDDEF( )
  • 3. Tune sendmail with Compile-Time Macros
    • Before You Begin, a Checklist
      • The Sleepycat DB Library
      • The regex Library
    • To Port, Tune, or Debug
    • Pitfalls
    • Compile-Time Macro Reference
      • AUTO_NIS_ALIASES
      • BSD4_3
      • BSD4_4
      • DATA_PROGRESS_TIMEOUT
      • DNSMAP
      • DSN
      • EGD
      • ERRLIST_PREDEFINED
      • FAST_PID_RECYCLE
      • _FFR...
      • FORK
      • HAS...
      • HESIOD
      • HES_GETMAILHOST
      • IDENTPROTO
      • IP_SRCROUTE
      • ...IS_BROKEN
      • LA_TYPE
      • LDAPMAP
      • LOG
      • MATCHGECOS
      • MAX...
      • MEMCHUNKSIZE
      • MILTER
      • MIME7TO8
      • MIME8TO7
      • NAMED_BIND
      • MAP_NSD
      • MAP_REGEX
      • NDBM
      • NEED...
      • NET...
      • NETINFO
      • NEWDB
      • NIS
      • NISPLUS
      • NOFTRUNCATE
      • NO_GROUP_SET
      • NOTUNIX
      • _PATH...
      • PH_MAP
      • PICKY_HELO_CHECK
      • PIPELINING
      • PSBUFSIZ
      • QUEUE
      • QUEUESEGSIZE
      • REQUIRES_DIR_FSYNC
      • SASL
      • SCANF
      • SECUREWARE
      • SFS_TYPE
      • SHARE_V1
      • SM_...
      • SM_HEAP_CHECK
      • SM_CONF_SHM
      • SM_CONF_LDAP_INITIALIZE
      • SMTP
      • SMTPDEBUG
      • SMTPLINELIM
      • SOCKETMAP
      • SPT_TYPE
      • STARTTLS
      • SUID_ROOT_FILES_OK
      • SYSLOG_BUFSIZE
      • SYSTEM5
      • TCPWRAPPERS
      • TLS_NO_RSA
      • TOBUFSIZE
      • TTYNAME
      • ...T
      • UDB_DEFAULT_SPEC
      • USE_DOUBLE_FORK
      • USE_ENVIRON
      • USING_NETSCAPE_LDAP
      • USERDB
      • USESETEUID
      • WILDCARD_SHELL
      • XDEBUG
  • 4. Maintain Security with sendmail
    • Why root?
      • Test seteuid and setreuid
    • The Environment
      • The E Configuration Command
    • SMTP Probes
      • SMTP Debug
      • SMTP VRFY and EXPN
    • The Configuration File
      • The F CommandFile Form
      • The F CommandProgram Form
      • The P= of Delivery Agents
      • StatusFile Option and the Statistics File
    • Permissions
      • Dangerous Write Permissions
      • Permissions for :include:
      • Permissions for ~/.forward Files
      • Recommended Permissions
      • Don't Blame sendmail
    • The aliases File
      • The Alias Database Files
    • Forged Mail
      • Forging with the Queue Directory
      • Forging with SMTP
    • Security Features
      • Trusted Users
        • Declare trusted users (ignored V8.1 through V8.6)
      • Security Options
        • The DefaultUser option
        • The RunAsUser option (V8.8 and above)
        • The TrustedUser option (V8.10 and above)
        • The ForwardPath option
        • The LogLevel option
        • The PostmasterCopy option
        • The PrivacyOptions option
        • The SafeFileEnvironment option
        • The TempFileMode and QueueFileMode options
      • The /etc/shells File
    • Other Security Information
    • Pitfalls
  • 5. Authentication and Encryption
    • Support SMTP AUTH
      • Get and Install the SASL Library
        • Install Sendmail.conf
      • Add SASL Support to sendmail
        • Test SASL support in sendmail
        • Watch authentication in action
      • SASL and Your mc File
        • Your server requires AUTH
        • AUTH realm
        • The AuthOptions option
      • SASL and Rule Sets
      • AUTH Running As a Client
        • Authinfo and the access database (V8.12 and later)
        • The default-auth-info file (V8.10 and V8.11)
      • Additional SASL Help
    • Public Key Cryptography
      • Digital Signatures
      • Locate the Public Key
      • Authentication in Public-Key Systems
      • X.509 Certificate Format
    • STARTTLS
      • Select a Random Number Generator
        • SUNWski
        • EGD
        • PRNGD
        • Roll your own
      • Digital Certificate Acronyms
      • Enable TLS with Build
      • Set Up Your Certificates
        • Create a certificate
        • Revocation lists
        • Sources of additional help
      • Add STARTTLS Support to Your mc File
      • Test STARTTLS
      • Macros for Use with STARTTLS
      • STARTTLS and the access Database
        • The access database and Local_Relay_Auth
        • The access database with tls_server and tls_client
        • The tls_rcpt rule set
        • Disable STARTTLS with the try_tls rule set
      • Additional TLS Help
    • Pitfalls
  • 6. The sendmail Command Line
    • Alternative argv[0] Names
      • hoststat (V8.8 and Later)
      • mailq
      • newaliases
      • purgestat (V8.8 or Later)
      • smtpd
    • Command-Line Switches
    • List of Recipient Addresses
    • Processing the Command Line
      • First: Prescanning the Command Line
      • Second: Processing Prior to the Switches
        • Initialize the environment
        • Initialize sendmail macros
      • Third: Processing Switches
      • Fourth: Reading the Configuration File
      • Fifth: Collecting Recipients
    • sendmail's exit( ) Status
      • EX_CANTCREAT
      • EX_CONFIG
      • EX_IOERR
      • EX_OK
      • EX_OSERR
      • EX_OSFILE
      • EX_SOFTWARE
      • EX_TEMPFAIL
      • EX_UNAVAILABLE
      • EX_USAGE
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized Command-Line Switches
      • -A
      • -B
      • -b
      • -ba
      • -bD
      • -bd
      • -bH
      • -bh
      • -bi
      • -bm
      • -bP
      • -bp
      • -bs
      • -bt
      • -bv
      • -bz
      • -C
      • -c
      • -D
      • -d
      • -E
      • -e
      • -F
      • -f
      • -G
      • -h
      • -I
      • -i
      • -J
      • -L
      • -M
      • -m
      • -N
      • -n
      • -O
      • -o
      • -p
      • -Q
      • -q
      • -R
      • -r
      • -s
      • -T
      • -t
      • -U
      • -V
      • -v
        • The modified -v verbose switch with the MSP
      • -X
      • -x
  • 7. How to Handle Spam
    • The Local_check_ Rule Sets
      • Local_check_relay and check_relay
      • Local_check_mail and check_mail
      • Local_check_rcpt and check_rcpt
      • The check_eom Rule Set
      • The check_compat Rule Set
    • How DNSBL Works
      • FEATURE(dnsbl)
      • FEATURE(enhdnsbl)
    • Check Headers with Rule Sets
      • Virus Screening by Subject
      • Check Validity of Received:
    • Relaying
      • Macros to Allow Relaying
        • The RELAY_DOMAIN mc macro
        • The RELAY_DOMAIN_FILE mc macro
      • FEATURE(loose_relay_check)
      • FEATURE(promiscuous_relay)
      • FEATURE(relay_based_on_MX)
      • FEATURE(relay_entire_domain)
      • FEATURE(relay_hosts_only)
      • FEATURE(relay_local_from)
      • FEATURE(relay_mail_from)
      • Risk with FEATURE(nouucp)
      • FEATURE(accept_unresolvable_domains)
      • FEATURE(accept_unqualified_senders)
    • The access Database
      • Enabling the access Database Generally
      • Create the access Database
        • OK
        • RELAY
        • REJECT
        • DISCARD
        • SKIP
        • XYZ text
        • ERROR:XYZ text
        • ERROR:D.S.N:XYZ text
      • Finer Control with V8.10
      • Rejection Message for REJECT
      • Reject per Recipient
      • Accept and Reject per Recipient
      • FEATURE(compat_check)V8.12 and Later
      • Screen by domain and .domain
      • Choose Queue Groups Via the access Database
      • Screen Based on STARTTLS and AUTH=
    • Spam Suppression Features
      • FEATURE(badmx)V8.14 and Later
      • FEATURE(block_bad_helo)V8.14 and Later
      • FEATURE(greet_pause)V8.13 and Later
      • FEATURE(mtamark)V8.13 and Later, Experimental
      • FEATURE(require_rdns)V8.14 and Later
      • FEATURE(use_client_ptr)V8.13 and Later
    • Pitfalls
  • 8. Test Rule Sets with -bt
    • Overview
    • Configuration Lines
      • Define a Macro with .D
      • Add to a Class with .C
    • Dump a sendmail Macro or Class
      • Dump a Defined Macro with $
      • Dump a Class Macro with $=
    • Show an Item
      • Show Rules in a Rule Set with =S
      • Show Delivery Agents with =M
    • Complex Actions Made Simple
      • Canonify a Host with /canon
      • Look Up MX Records with /mx
      • Look Up a Database Item with /map
        • The aliases database map
        • The host map
        • The dequote map
      • Select Whom to /parse or /try with /tryflags
      • Parse an Address with /parse
      • Try a Delivery Agent with /try
    • Process-Specified Addresses
      • Syntax
      • The Address
      • Rule Set 3 Always Called First with -bt
      • The Output
    • Add Debugging for Detail
      • A Trick
    • Batch Rule-Set Testing
    • Pitfalls
  • 9. DNS and sendmail
    • Overview
      • Which BIND?
      • Make sendmail DNS-Aware
    • How sendmail Uses DNS
      • Determine the Local Canonical Name
      • Probe Network Interfaces
      • Look Up a Remote Host's Name
      • DNS Blacklist Lookups
      • Look Up Addresses for Delivery
      • The $[and $] Operators
      • Broken IPv6 Name Servers
    • Set Up MX Records
      • Failover MX Servers Result in Spam
      • MX Must Point to Host with an A or AAAA Record
      • MX to CNAME Is Illegal
      • MX Records Are Nonrecursive
      • Wildcard MX Records
      • What? They Ignore MX Records?
      • Caching MX Records
      • Ambiguous MX Records
    • How to Use dig
      • Look Up a Host by namewith dig(1)
      • Reverse Look-Up IP Addresses with dig(1)
      • Look Up MX Records with dig(1)
      • Use a Different Name Server with dig(1)
    • Pitfalls
  • 10. Build and Use Companion Programs
    • The Build Script
      • -A
      • -c
      • -E
        • M4=
        • MAKE=
        • DESTDIR=
      • -f
      • -I
      • -L
      • -M
      • -m
      • -n
      • -O
      • -Q
      • -S
      • -v
    • The editmap Program
      • editmap Command-Line Switches
        • -C
        • -f
        • -N
        • -q
        • -u
        • -x
    • The mail.local Delivery Agent
      • Build mail.local
      • Set Up sendmail.cf for mail.local
      • The mail.local Command-Line Switches
        • 7
        • -b
        • -d
        • -D
        • -f
        • -h
        • -l (lowercase L)
        • -r
    • The mailstats Program
      • The statistics File
      • Viewing Statistics: mailstats
      • Using cron for Daily and Weekly Statistics
      • The mailstats Program's Switches
        • -c
        • -C
        • -f
        • -o
        • -p
        • -P
    • The makemap Program
      • makemap Command-Line Switches
        • -c
        • -C
        • -d
        • -D
        • -e
        • -f
        • -l (lowercase L)
        • -N
        • -o
        • -r
        • -s
        • -t
        • -u
        • -v
    • The praliases Program
      • Some Examples of Using praliases
      • -C
      • -f
    • The rmail Delivery Agent
    • The smrsh Program
      • Build smrsh
      • Configure to Use smrsh
      • Populate Its Directory
      • How smrsh Works
    • The vacation Program
      • Build the vacation Program
      • Other Uses for vacation
        • You are too busy to reply promptly
        • Retire users with notification
        • Manage your hours
      • Exclusions and Assumptions
      • The vacation Program's Command-Line Switches
        • -a
        • -C
        • -d
        • -f
        • -i or -I
        • -j
        • -l (lowercase L)
        • -m
        • -R
        • -r
        • -s
        • -t
        • -U
        • -x
        • -z
    • Pitfalls
  • 11. Manage the Queue
    • Overview of the Queue
    • Parts of a Queued Message
      • The Queue Identifier
      • The Data (Message Body) File: df
      • Queue File Locking
        • Current-style file locking
        • Locks shown when printing the queue
        • Locks can get stuck
      • The ID Creation File (Obsolete As of V5.62): nf
      • The Queue Control File: qf
      • The Temporary qf Rewrite Image: tf
      • The Transcript File: xf
    • Using Multiple Queue Directories
      • Multiple Queue Directories
        • Printing multiple queue directories
        • Processing multiple queue directories
      • Using qf, df, and xf Subdirectories
      • Handle Deep Queues
      • Recover from a Full Queue
    • Queue Groups (V8.12 and Later)
      • The Default Queue Group
      • The Q Configuration Command
        • The Flags= (F=) queue-group equate
        • The Interval= (I=) queue-group equate
        • The Jobs= (J=) queue-group equate
        • The Nice= (N=) queue-group equate
        • The Path= (P=) queue-group equate
        • The recipients= (r=) queue-group equate
        • The Runners= (R=) queue-group equate
      • How to Declare Queue Groups with the m4 Technique
      • The FEATURE(queuegroup) and the access Database
      • Rule Set Queue Group Selection
      • Queue Group Limitations
    • Bogus qf Files
      • Badly Formed qf Filename
      • Bad qf Owner or Permissions
      • Extra Data at End of qf File
      • Unknown Control Character in qf File
      • Funny Flag Bits in qf File
      • Savemail Panic
      • Handle Qf Files
    • Printing the Queue
      • Printing the Queue in Verbose Mode
      • Print the Number of Messages in the Queue
    • How the Queue Is Processed
      • Processing a Single Message
    • Cause Queues to Be Processed
      • Periodically with -q
      • From the Command Line
        • Process the queue once: -q
        • Combine -v with -q
        • Process by identifier/recipient/sender: -q[ISR]
        • Process by negated identifier/recipient/sender (V8.12 and later)
        • Process by queue group with -qG (V8.12 and later)
        • Process the queue via ESMTP ETRN
      • Persistent Queue Runners with -qp
    • Process Alternative Queues
      • Handling a Down Site
        • Move mail with qtool.pl
        • Move mail with queue groups
    • Queue Quarantining
      • Overview of Quarantining
      • Quarantine Command-Line Switches
        • The -qQ command-line switch
        • The -Q command-line switch
        • The mailq command's display
        • Use Milter to quarantine
        • Use the access database to quarantine
        • Use rule sets to quarantine
        • Log quarantined messages
        • Manage quarantined envelopes with qtool.pl
        • The qf file's quarantine reason: q line
    • Pitfalls
    • The qf File Internals
      • A line
      • B line
      • C line
      • d line
      • D line
      • E line
      • F line
      • H line
      • I line
      • K line
      • M line
      • N line
      • P line
      • q line
      • Q line
      • r line
      • R line
      • S line
      • T line
      • V line
      • Z line
      • ! line
      • $ line
      • .line
  • 12. Maintain Aliases
    • The aliases(5) File
      • The aliases(5) File's Location
      • Local Must Be Local
      • Alias Nonlocal Addresses
    • Forms of Alias Delivery
      • Delivery to Users
      • Delivery to Files
      • Delivery Via Programs
        • Possible failures
    • Write a Delivery Agent Script
      • Duplicates Discarded
      • Correct exit(2) Values
      • Is It Really EX_OK?
    • Special Aliases
      • The Postmaster Alias
      • RFC2142 Common Mailbox Names
      • The MAILER-DAEMON Alias
      • Plussed Detail Addressing
      • Duplicate Entries and Automation
    • The aliases Database
      • Rebuild the Alias Database
      • Check the Right Side of Aliases
      • Use Trailing Dots
      • Prevent Simultaneous Rebuilds
      • No DBM Aliasing
    • Prevent Aliasing with -n
      • Is an Alias Bad?
      • Filtering Recipients with a Shell Script
    • Pitfalls
  • 13. Mailing Lists and ~/.forward
    • Internal Mailing Lists
    • :include: Mailing Lists
      • Comments in :include: Lists
      • Trade-offs
    • Defining a Mailing List Owner
    • Exploder Mailing Lists
    • Problems with Mailing Lists
      • Reply Versus Bounce
      • Gateway Lists to News
      • A List-Bounced Alias
      • Users Ignore list-request
      • Precedence: bulk
      • X.400 Addresses
    • Mail List Etiquette
      • Offer Subscription and Management Information
      • Keep Messages Small
      • Don't Pack Addresses in Headers
      • Let Software Do the Job for You
      • Maintain a Clear Policy
      • Boot Off Offending Members
    • Packages That Help
      • Majordomo
      • Mailman
      • ListProcessor
      • ListManager
    • The User's ~/.forward File
      • Unscrambling Forwards
      • Forwarding Loops
      • Appending to Files
      • Piping Through Programs
      • Specialty Programs for Use with ~/.forward
        • The procmail program
        • The slocal program
      • Force Requeue on Error
    • Pitfalls
  • 14. Signals, Transactions, and Syslog
    • Signal the Daemon
      • SIGTERM
      • SIGINT
      • SIGKILL
      • SIGHUP
      • SIGUSR1
        • --- open file descriptors: ---
        • --- connection cache: ---
        • --- ruleset debug_dumpstate returns stat ..., pv: ---
    • Log Transactions with -X
    • Log with syslog
      • syslog(3)
      • Tuning syslog.conf
      • syslog's Output
      • Gathering Statistics from syslog
        • message_volume.sh
    • Pitfalls
    • Other Useful Logging
    • Alphabetized syslog Equates
      • action=
      • arg1=
      • bodytype=
      • class=
      • ctladdr=
      • daemon=
      • delay=
      • dsn=
      • from=
      • intvl=
      • len=
      • mailer=
      • milter=
      • msgid=
      • nrcpts=
      • ntries=
      • pri=
      • proto=
      • quarantine=
      • reject=
      • relay=
      • ruleset=
      • size=
      • stat=
      • to=
      • xdelay=
  • 15. Debug sendmail with -d
    • The Syntax of -d
    • The Behavior of -d
    • Interpret the Output
    • The -D Debug File Switch
    • Table of All -d Categories
    • Pitfalls
    • Reference for -d in Numerical Order
      • -d0.1
      • -d0.4
      • -d0.10
      • -d0.12
      • -d0.13
      • -d0.15
      • -d0.20
      • -d2.1
      • -d2.9
      • -d4.80
      • -d6.1
      • -d8.1
      • -d8.2
      • -d8.3
      • -d8.5
      • -d8.7
      • -d8.8
      • -d11.1
      • -d11.2
      • -d12.1
      • -d13.1
      • -d20.1
      • -d21.1
      • -d21.2
      • -d22.1
      • -d22.11
      • -d22.12
      • -d25.1
      • -d26.1
      • -d27.1
      • -d27.2
      • -d27.3
      • -d27.4
      • -d27.5
      • -d27.8
      • -d27.9
      • -d28.1
      • -d29.1
      • -d29.4
      • -d31.2
      • -d34.1
      • -d34.11
      • -d35.9
      • -d37.1
      • -d37.8
      • -d38.2
      • -d38.3
      • -d38.4
      • -d38.9
      • -d38.10
      • -d38.12
      • -d38.19
      • -d38.20
      • -d44.4
      • -d44.5
      • -d48.2
      • -d49.1
      • -d52.1
      • -d52.100
      • -d60.1
      • -d99.100
• II. Configuration Reference
  • 16. Configuration File Overview
    • Overall Syntax
    • Comments
    • V8 Comments
    • Continuation Lines
    • The V Configuration Command
      • The V Configuration Command's Level Part
      • The V Configuration Command's Vendor Part
    • Pitfalls
  • 17. Configure sendmail.cf with m4
    • The m4 Preprocessor
      • m4 Is Greedy
      • m4 and dnl
      • m4 and Arguments
      • The DOL m4 Macro
    • Configure with m4
      • The _CF_DIR_ m4 Macro
      • The Minimal mc File
        • OSTYPE( ) m4 macro
        • MAILER( ) m4 macro
        • DOMAIN( ) m4 macro
        • FEATURE( ) m4 macro
      • The Order of mc Lines
        • VERSIONID m4 macro
        • HACK( ) m4 macro
    • m4 Macros by Function
      • Options
      • Define sendmail Macros
      • Rules and Rule Sets
        • LOCAL_CONFIG mc macro
        • LOCAL_RULE_0 mc macro
        • LOCAL_RULE_1 and LOCAL_RULE_2 mc macros
        • LOCAL_RULE_3 mc macro
        • LOCAL_RULESETS mc macro
        • SMART_HOST mc macro
        • LOCAL_NET_CONFIG mc macro
    • Masquerading
      • EXPOSED_USER mc Macro
        • EXPOSED_USER_FILE mc macro
      • MASQUERADE_AS mc Macro
      • MASQUERADE_DOMAIN mc Macro
      • MASQUERADE_DOMAIN_FILE mc Macro
      • MASQUERADE_EXCEPTION mc Macro
      • MASQUERADE_EXCEPTION_FILE mc Macro
    • Relays
      • BITNET_RELAY mc Macro
      • DECNET_RELAY mc Macro
      • FAX_RELAY mc Macro
      • LOCAL_RELAY mc Macro
      • LOCAL_USER mc Macro
      • LUSER_RELAY mc Macro
      • MAIL_HUB mc Macro
      • UUCP_RELAY mc Macro
    • UUCP Support
      • uucp-old (a.k.a. uucp)
      • uucp-new (a.k.a. suucp)
      • uucp-uudom
      • uucp-dom
      • The LOCAL_UUCP mc Macro
      • SITE mc Macro (Obsolete)
      • SITECONFIG mc Macro (Obsolete)
      • UUCPSMTP mc Macro
    • Pitfalls
    • Configuration File Feature Reference
      • FEATURE(accept_unqualified_senders)
      • FEATURE(accept_unresolvable_domains)
      • FEATURE(access_db)
      • FEATURE(allmasquerade)
      • FEATURE(always_add_domain)
      • FEATURE(authinfo)
      • FEATURE(badmx)
      • FEATURE(bestmx_is_local)
      • FEATURE(bitdomain)
      • FEATURE(blacklist_recipients)
      • FEATURE(block_bad_helo)
      • FEATURE(compat_check)
      • FEATURE(conncontrol)
        • conncontrol and delay checks
        • Terminate connections with 421
      • FEATURE(delay_checks)
      • FEATURE(dnsbl)
      • FEATURE(domaintable)
      • FEATURE(enhdnsbl)
      • FEATURE(generics_entire_domain)
      • FEATURE(genericstable)
        • GENERICS_DOMAIN mc macro
        • GENERICS_DOMAIN_FILE mc macro
      • FEATURE(greet_pause)
      • FEATURE(ldap_routing)
      • FEATURE(limited_masquerade)
      • FEATURE(local_lmtp)
      • FEATURE(local_no_masquerade)
      • FEATURE(local_procmail)
        • Use another program instead of procmail
      • FEATURE(lookupdotdomain)
      • FEATURE(loose_relay_check)
      • FEATURE(mailertable)
      • FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)
      • FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)
      • FEATURE(mtamark)
      • FEATURE(msp)
      • FEATURE(nocanonify)
      • FEATURE(nodns)
      • FEATURE(no_default_msa)
      • FEATURE(notsticky)
      • FEATURE(nouucp)
      • FEATURE(nullclient)
      • FEATURE(promiscuous_relay)
      • FEATURE(preserve_local_plus_detail)
      • FEATURE(preserve_luser_host)
      • FEATURE(queuegroup)
      • FEATURE(ratecontrol)
        • ratecontrol and delay checks
        • Terminate connections with 421
      • FEATURE(rbl)
      • FEATURE(redirect)
      • FEATURE(relay_based_on_MX)
      • FEATURE(relay_entire_domain)
      • FEATURE(relay_hosts_only)
      • FEATURE(relay_local_from)
      • FEATURE(relay_mail_from)
      • FEATURE(require_rdns)
      • FEATURE(smrsh)
      • FEATURE(stickyhost)
      • FEATURE(use_client_ptr)
      • FEATURE(use_ct_file)
      • FEATURE(use_cw_file)
      • FEATURE(uucpdomain)
      • FEATURE(virtuser_entire_domain)
      • FEATURE(virtusertable)
        • VIRTUSER_DOMAIN mc macro
        • VIRTUSER_DOMAIN_FILE mc macro
  • 18. The R (Rules) Configuration Command
    • Why Rules?
    • The R Configuration Command
      • Macros in Rules
      • Rules Are Treated Like Addresses
        • As of V8.13, rules no longer need to balance
        • Backslashes in rules
    • Tokenizing Rules
      • $-operators Are Tokens
      • The Space Character Is Special
      • Pasting Addresses Back Together
    • The Workspace
    • The Behavior of a Rule
    • The LHS
      • Minimum Matching
      • Backup and Retry
    • The RHS
      • Copy by Position: $digit
      • Rewrite Once Prefix: $:
      • Rewrite-and-Return Prefix: $@
      • Rewrite Through a Rule Set: $>set
      • Return a Selection: $#
      • Canonicalize Hostname: $[ and $]
        • An example of canonicalization
        • Default in canonicalization: $:
      • Other Operators
    • Pitfalls
    • Rule Operator Reference
      • $&
      • $@
      • $@
      • $@
      • $@
      • $@
      • $:
      • $:
      • $:
      • $:
      • $digit
      • $=
      • $>
      • $[ $]
      • $( $)
      • $-
      • $+
      • $#
      • $#
      • $#
      • $*
      • $~
      • $|
  • 19. The S (Rule Sets) Configuration Command
    • The S Configuration Command
      • Rule Set Numbers
      • Rule Set Names
      • Associate Number with Name
      • Macros in Rule Set Names
      • Rule Sets and Lists of Rules
      • Odds and Ends
      • Rule Sets and m4
    • The Sequence of Rule Sets
      • V8 Enhancements
    • The canonify Rule Set 3
      • A Special Case: From:<>
      • Basic Textual Canonicalization
      • Handling Routing Addresses
      • Handling Specialty Addresses
      • Focusing for @ Syntax
    • The final Rule Set 4
      • Stripping Trailing Dots
      • Restoring Source Routes
      • Removing Focus
      • Correcting Tags
    • The parse Rule Set 0
      • Further Processing: $:address
      • Selecting S= and R=
      • Delivering to Local Recipient
      • Forwarding to a Knowledgeable Host
      • Handling UUCP Locally
      • Forwarding over the Network
      • Handling Leftover Local Addresses
    • The localaddr Rule Set 5
      • The Local_localaddr Hook
    • Rule Sets 1 and 2
      • Rule Set 1
      • Rule Set 2
    • Pitfalls
    • Policy Rule Set Reference
      • check_data
      • check_etrn
      • check_vrfy and check_expn
        • Use check_vrfy to change rejection message
        • Use check_vrfy to select addresses to verify
      • srv_features
  • 20. The M (Mail Delivery Agent) Configuration Command
    • The M Configuration Command
    • The Symbolic Delivery Agent Name
      • Required Symbolic Names
    • The mc Configuration Syntax
      • Choose Preferred Agents
        • confSMTP_MAILER
        • confUUCP_MAILER
        • confLOCAL_MAILER
        • confRELAY_MAILER
      • Tuning Without an Appropriate Keyword
      • Create a New mc Delivery Agent
        • MAILER_DEFINITIONS
    • Delivery Agents by Name
      • cyrus
      • cyrusv2
      • discard
      • error
        • The $@ dsnstat part when used with the error delivery agent
        • The $: part when used with the error delivery agent
      • fax
      • *file* and *include*
      • local and prog
        • The local delivery agent
        • The prog delivery agent
      • mail11
      • ph
      • pop
      • procmail
      • qpage
      • smtp, etc.
        • The smtp delivery agent
        • The esmtp delivery agent
        • The smtp8 delivery agent
        • The dsmtp delivery agent
        • The relay delivery agent
      • usenet
      • uucp
        • The LOCAL_UUCP mc macro
    • Delivery Agent Equates
      • /=(forward slash)
      • A=
        • How to define A= with your mc configuration
        • The use of $h in A=TCP
        • The special case of $u in A=
        • Deliver to a Unix domain socket
      • C=
      • D=
      • E=
      • F=
        • The MODIFY_MAILER_FLAGS mc macro
        • Pre-V8.10 mc modification of F=
      • L=
      • M=
        • Modify M= using an mc configuration macro
      • m=
        • Modify m= using an mc configuration macro
      • N=
      • P=
        • Modify P= using an mc configuration macro
      • Q=
      • R=
      • r=
      • S=
      • T=
      • U=
      • W=
    • How a Delivery Agent Is Executed
      • The Fork
      • The Child
    • Pitfalls
    • Delivery Agent F= Flags
      • F=%
      • F=0 (zero)
      • F=1 (one)
      • F=2
      • F=3
      • F=5
      • F=6
      • F=7
      • F=8
      • F=9
      • F=: (colon)
      • F=| (vertical bar)
      • F=/ (forward slash)
      • F=@
      • F=a
      • F=A
      • F=b
      • F=B
      • F=c
      • F=C
      • F=d
      • F=D
      • F=e
      • F=E
      • F=f
      • F=F
      • F=g
      • F=h
      • F=i
      • F=I (uppercase i)
      • F=j
      • F=k
      • F=l (lowercase L)
      • F=L
      • F=m
      • F=M
      • F=n
      • F=o
      • F=p
      • F=P
      • F=q
      • F=r
      • F=R
      • F=s
      • F=S
      • F=u
      • F=U
      • F=w
      • F=W
      • F=x
      • F=X
      • F=z
      • F=Z
  • 21. The D (Define a Macro) Configuration Command
    • Preassigned sendmail Macros
      • Macros and the System Identity
    • Command-Line Definitions
      • Syntax of the Command-Line Macro's Text
    • Configuration-File Definitions
      • Syntax of the Configuration-File Macro's Text
      • Required Macros (V8.6 and Earlier)
    • Macro Names
      • Single-Character Names
      • Multicharacter Names
    • Macro Expansion: $ and $&
      • Macro Expansion Is Recursive
      • When Is a Macro Expanded?
      • Use Value As Is with $&
    • Macro Conditionals: $?, $|, and $.
      • Conditionals Can Nest
      • Macro Xtext Translations
    • Macros with mc Configuration
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized sendmail Macros
      • $_
      • $a
      • ${addr_type}
      • ${alg_bits}
      • ${auth_authen}
      • ${auth_author}
      • ${auth_ssf}
      • ${auth_type}
      • $b
      • ${bodytype}
      • $B
      • $c
      • ${cert_issuer}
      • ${cert_md5}
      • ${cert_subject}
      • ${cipher}
      • ${cipher_bits}
      • ${client_addr}
      • ${client_connections}
      • ${client_flags}
      • ${client_name}
      • ${client_port}
      • ${client_ptr}
      • ${client_rate}
      • ${client_resolve}
      • ${cn_issuer}
      • ${cn_subject}
      • ${currHeader}
      • $C
      • $d
      • ${daemon_addr}
      • ${daemon_family}
      • ${daemon_flags}
      • ${daemon_info}
      • ${daemon_name}
      • ${daemon_port}
      • ${deliveryMode}
      • ${dsn_envid}
      • ${dsn_notify}
      • ${dsn_ret}
      • $D
      • $e
      • ${envid}
      • $E
      • $f
      • $F
      • $g
      • $h
      • ${hdr_name}
      • ${hdrlen}
      • $H
      • $i
      • ${if_addr}
      • ${if_addr_out}
      • ${if_family}
      • ${if_family_out}
      • ${if_name}
      • ${if_name_out}
      • $j
      • $k
      • $l (lowercase L)
      • ${load_avg}
      • $L
      • $m
      • ${mail_addr}
      • ${mail_host}
      • ${mail_mailer}
      • ${msg_id}
      • ${msg_size}
      • $M
      • ${MTAHost}
      • $n
      • ${nbadrcpts}
      • ${nrcpts}
      • ${ntries}
      • $o
      • ${opMode}
      • $p
      • $q
      • ${quarantine}
      • ${queue_interval}
      • $r
      • ${rcpt_addr}
      • ${rcpt_host}
      • ${rcpt_mailer}
      • $R
      • $s
      • ${sendmailMTACluster}
      • ${server_addr}
      • ${server_name}
      • $S
      • $t
      • ${time}
      • ${tls_version}
      • ${total_rate}
      • $u
      • $U
      • $v
      • ${verify}
      • $V
      • $w
      • $W
      • $x
      • $X
      • $y
      • $Y
      • $z
      • $Z
  • 22. The C and F (Class Macro) Configuration Commands
    • Class Configuration Commands
      • The C Class Command
        • Append one class to another
      • The F Class Command
        • scanf(3) variations
      • Class via Database-Map Lookups
        • Class by replacing files with database lookups in mc macros
        • Class via ldap map lookups
    • Access Classes in Rules
      • Matching Any in a Class: $=
      • Matching Any Token Not in a Class: $~
      • Back Up and Retry
      • Class Name Hashing Algorithm
    • Classes with mc Configuration
    • Internal Class Macros
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized Class Macros
      • $=b
      • $={checkMIMEFieldHeaders}
      • $={checkMIMEHeaders}
      • $={checkMIMETextHeaders}
      • $=e
      • $=k
      • $=m
      • $=n
      • $={persistentMacros}
      • $=q
      • $={ResOk}
      • $=R
      • $={tls} and $={Tls}
      • $=s
      • $=t
      • $=w
  • 23. The K (Database-Map) Configuration Command
    • Enable at Compile Time
      • Create Files with makemap
    • The K Configuration Command
      • The name
      • The type
      • The args
    • The K Command Switches
      • -A
      • -a
      • -D
      • -f
      • -k
      • -l (lowercase L)
      • -m
      • -N
      • -O
      • -o
      • -q
      • -S
      • -T
      • -t
      • -v
      • -z
    • Use $( and $) in Rules
      • Specify a Default with $:
      • Specify Numbered Substitution with $@
      • $[ and $]: A Special Case
    • Database Maps with mc Configuration
      • Set a Default Database-Map Type for Features
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized Database-Map Types
      • arith
      • btree
      • bestmx
      • dbm
      • dequote
      • dns
        • DNS database-map -B switch
        • DNS database-map -Z switch
        • DNS database-map -z switch
      • hash
      • hesiod
      • host
      • implicit
      • ldap (was ldapx)
        • LDAP default schema for aliases includes recursion
        • LDAP default schema for classes includes recursion
        • The 1 ldap database-map switch
        • The -b ldap database-map switch
        • The -d ldap database-map switch
        • The -H ldap database-map switch
        • The -h ldap database-map switch
        • The -K ldap database-map switch (V8.14 and later)
        • The -k ldap database-map switch
        • The -M ldap database-map switch
        • The -n ldap database-map switch
        • The -P ldap database-map switch
        • The -p ldap database-map switch
        • The -R ldap database-map switch
        • The -r ldap database-map switch
        • The -s ldap database-map switch
        • The -V ldap database-map switch
        • The -v ldap database-map switch
        • The -w ldap database-map switch
        • The -z ldap database-map switch
        • The -Z ldap database-map switch
        • FEATURE(ldap_routing)
        • LDAPROUTE_DOMAIN and LDAPROUTE_DOMAIN_FILE
        • LDAPROUTE_EQUIVALENT and LDAPROUTE_EQUIVALENT_FILE
      • macro
      • netinfo
      • nis
      • nisplus
      • nsd
      • null
      • ph
        • The -h ph database-map switch
        • The -k ph database-map switch
      • program
      • regex
        • The -b regex database-map switch
        • The -d regex database-map switch
        • The -n regex database-map switch
        • The -s regex database-map switch
      • sequence
      • socket
      • stab
      • switch
      • syslog
        • The -L syslog database-map switch
      • text
      • userdb
        • Enable the User Database
        • Create the User Database
        • A :default outgoing hostname
      • user
  • 24. The O (Options) Configuration Command
    • Overview
    • Command-Line Options
      • Pre-V8.7 Command-Line Option Declarations
      • Multicharacter Command-Line Options
        • Multicharacter name shorthand
      • Appropriateness of Options
      • Options That Are Safe
    • Configuration File Options
      • Pre-V8.7 Configuration File Declarations
      • V8.7 Configuration File Declarations
    • Options in the mc File
    • Alphabetical Table of All Options
    • Option Argument Types
    • Interrelating Options
      • File Locations
      • The Queue
      • Managing Aliases
      • Controlling Machine Load
      • Connection Caching
      • Problem Solving
      • Other Options
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized Options
      • AliasFile
      • AliasWait
      • AllowBogusHELO
      • AuthMaxBits
      • AuthMechanisms
      • AuthOptions
      • AuthRealm
      • AutoRebuildAliases
      • BadRcptThrottle
      • BlankSub
      • CACertFile
      • CACertPath
      • CheckAliases
      • CheckpointInterval
      • ClassFactor
      • ClientCertFile
      • ClientKeyFile
      • ClientPortOptions
      • ColonOkInAddr
      • ConnectionCacheSize
      • ConnectionCacheTimeout
      • ConnectionRateThrottle
      • ConnectionRateWindowSize
      • ConnectOnlyTo
      • ControlSocketName
      • CRLFile
      • DaemonPortOptions
        • DaemonPortOptions=Addr=
        • DaemonPortOptions=children= (8.14 and later)
        • DaemonPortOptions=delayLA= (8.14 and later)
        • DaemonPortOptions=DeliveryMode= (8.14 and later)
        • DaemonPortOptions=Family=
        • DaemonPortOptions=Listen=
        • DaemonPortOptions=Modify=
        • DaemonPortOptions=Name=
        • DaemonPortOptions=Port=
        • DaemonPortOptions=queueLA= (8.14 and later)
        • DaemonPortOptions=ReceiveBufSize=
        • DaemonPortOptions=refuseLA= (8.14 and later)
        • DaemonPortOptions=SendBufSize=
      • DataFileBufferSize
      • DeadLetterDrop
      • DefaultAuthInfo
      • DefaultCharSet
      • DefaultUser
      • DelayLA
      • DeliverByMin
      • DeliveryMode
        • DeliveryMode=background
        • DeliveryMode=deferred
        • DeliveryMode=interactive
        • DeliveryMode=queueonly
      • DHParameters
      • DialDelay
      • DirectSubmissionModifiers
      • DontBlameSendmail
        • DontBlameSendmail=AssumeSafeChown
        • DontBlameSendmail=ClassFileInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=DontWarnForwardFileInUnsafeDirPath (V8.10 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=ErrorHeaderInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=FileDeliveryToHardLink
        • DontBlameSendmail=FileDeliveryToSymLink
        • DontBlameSendmail=ForwardFileInGroupWritableDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=ForwardFileInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=ForwardFileInUnsafeDirPathSafe
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupReadableKeyFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupReadableSASLDBFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableAliasFile
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableDirPathSafe
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableForwardFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableForwardFileSafe
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableIncludeFile (V8.11 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableIncludeFileSafe
        • DontBlameSendmail=GroupWritableSASLDBFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=HelpFileInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=IncludeFileInGroupWritableDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=IncludeFileInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=IncludeFileInUnsafeDirPathSafe
        • DontBlameSendmail=InsufficientEntropy (V8.11 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedAliasFileInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedClassFileInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedForwardFileInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedIncludeFileInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedMapInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=LinkedServiceSwitchFileInWritableDir
        • DontBlameSendmail=MapInUnsafeDirPath
        • DontBlameSendmail=NonRootSafeAddr (V8.10 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=RunProgramInUnsafeDirPath (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=RunWritableProgram (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=Safe
        • DontBlameSendmail=TrustStickyBit
        • DontBlameSendmail=WorldWritableAliasFile
        • DontBlameSendmail=WorldWritableForwardFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=WorldWritableIncludeFile (V8.12 and later)
        • DontBlameSendmail=WriteMapToHardLink
        • DontBlameSendmail=WriteMapToSymLink
        • DontBlameSendmail=WriteStatsToHardLink
        • DontBlameSendmail=WriteStatsToSymLink
      • DontExpandCnames
      • DontInitGroups
      • DontProbeInterfaces
      • DontPruneRoutes
      • DoubleBounceAddress
      • EightBitMode
        • EightBitMode=mimefy
        • EightBitMode=pass
        • EightBitMode=strict
      • ErrorHeader
      • ErrorMode
        • ErrorMode=e
        • ErrorMode=m
        • ErrorMode=p
        • ErrorMode=q
        • ErrorMode=w
      • FallbackMXhost
      • FallBackSmartHost
      • FastSplit
      • ForkEachJob
      • ForwardPath
      • HeloName
      • HelpFile
      • HoldExpensive
      • HostsFile
      • HostStatusDirectory
      • IgnoreDots
      • InputMailFilters
      • LDAPDefaultSpec
      • LogLevel
        • What is logged at LogLevel=0
      • MailboxDatabase
      • MatchGECOS
      • MaxAliasRecursion
      • MaxDaemonChildren
      • MaxHeadersLength
      • MaxHopCount
      • MaxMessageSize
      • MaxMimeHeaderLength
      • MaxNOOPCommands
      • MaxQueueChildren
      • MaxQueueRunSize
      • MaxRecipientsPerMessage
      • MaxRunnersPerQueue
      • MeToo
      • Milter
        • Milter.LogLevel
        • Milter.macros.connect
        • Milter.macros.helo
        • Milter.macros.envfrom
        • Milter.macros.envrcpt
        • Milter.macros.data
        • Milter.macros.eoh
        • Milter.macros.eom
      • MinFreeBlocks
      • MinQueueAge
      • MustQuoteChars
      • NiceQueueRun
      • NoRecipientAction
        • NoRecipientAction=add-apparently-to
        • NoRecipientAction=add-bcc
        • NoRecipientAction=add-to
        • NoRecipientAction=add-to-undisclosed
        • NoRecipientAction=none
      • OldStyleHeaders
      • OperatorChars
      • PidFile
      • PostmasterCopy
      • PrivacyOptions
        • PrivacyOptions=authwarnings
        • PrivacyOptions=goaway
        • PrivacyOptions=nobodyreturn
        • PrivacyOptions=noetrn
        • PrivacyOptions=needexpnhelo
        • PrivacyOptions=needmailhelo
        • PrivacyOptions=needvrfyhelo
        • PrivacyOptions=noactualrecipient
        • PrivacyOptions=noexpn
        • PrivacyOptions=noreceipts
        • PrivacyOptions=noverb
        • PrivacyOptions=novrfy
        • PrivacyOptions=public
        • PrivacyOptions=restrictexpand (V8.12 and later)
        • PrivacyOptions=restrictmailq
        • PrivacyOptions=restrictqrun
      • ProcessTitlePrefix
      • QueueDirectory
      • QueueFactor
      • QueueFileMode
      • QueueLA
      • QueueSortOrder
        • QueueSortOrder=host
        • QueueSortOrder=priority
        • QueueSortOrder=time (V8.8 and later)
        • QueueSortOrder=filename (V8.10 and later)
        • QueueSortOrder=random (V8.12 and later)
        • QueueSortOrder=modtime (V8.12 and later)
        • QueueSortOrder=none (V8.13 and later)
      • QueueTimeout
      • RandFile
      • RecipientFactor
      • RefuseLA
      • RejectLogInterval
      • ResolverOptions
      • RetryFactor
      • RequiresDirFsync
      • RrtImpliesDsn
      • RunAsUser
      • SafeFileEnvironment
      • SaveFromLine
      • SendMimeErrors
      • ServerCertFile
      • ServerKeyFile
      • ServiceSwitchFile
      • SevenBitInput
      • SharedMemoryKey
      • SharedMemoryKeyFile
      • SingleLineFromHeader
      • SingleThreadDelivery
      • SmtpGreetingMessage
      • SoftBounce
      • StatusFile
      • SuperSafe
      • TempFileMode
      • Timeout
        • Timeout.aconnect (V8.12 and later)
        • Timeout.auth (V8.12 and later)
        • Timeout.command (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.connect (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.control (V8.10 and later)
        • Timeout.datablock (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.datafinal (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.datainit (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.fileopen (V8.7 and later)
        • Timeout.helo (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.hoststatus (V8.8 and later)
        • Timeout.iconnect (V8.8 and later)
        • Timeout.ident (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.initial (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.lhlo (V8.12 and later)
        • Timeout.mail (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.misc (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.queuereturn (V8.7 and later)
        • Timeout.queuewarn (V8.7 and later)
        • Timeout.quit (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.rcpt (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.resolver (V8.10 and later)
        • Timeout.rset (V8.6 and later)
        • Timeout.starttls (V8.12 and later)
      • TimeZoneSpec
      • TLSSrvOptions
      • TrustedUser
      • TryNullMXList
      • UnixFromLine
        • UnixFromLine in UUCP software
        • UnixFromLine with mail files
      • UnsafeGroupWrites
      • UseErrorsTo
      • UseMSP
      • UserDatabaseSpec
      • Verbose
      • XscriptFileBufferSize
      • M
  • 25. The H (Headers) Configuration Command
    • Overview
    • Header Names
    • Header Field Contents
      • Macros in the Header Field
      • Escape Character in the Header Field
      • Quoted Strings in the Header Field
      • Comments in the Header Field
        • Balancing special characters
    • ?flags? in Header Definitions
      • Macros Force Header Inclusion
      • Macro-Included Headers Don't Survive Queueing
    • Rules Check Header Contents
      • Use $>+ to Include RFC2822 Comments
        • No balancing with $>+
        • Check the header's length
      • H* a Default for All Headers
      • The check_eoh Rule Set
        • Check for missing headers
    • Header Behavior in conf.c
      • H_ACHECK Header Flag (V5 and Later)
        • Replace headers with H_ACHECK
      • H_BCC Header Flag (V8.7 and Later)
      • H_BINDLATE Header Flag (V8.10 and Later)
      • H_CHECK Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_CTE Header Flag (V8.7 and Later)
      • H_CTYPE Header Flag (V8.7 and Later)
      • H_DEFAULT Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_ENCODABLE Header Flag (V8.8 and Later)
      • H_EOH Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_ERRORSTO (Was H_ERRSTO) (V8.7 and Later)
      • H_FORCE Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_FROM Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_RCPT Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_RECEIPTTO Header Flag (V8.7 and Later)
      • H_RESENT Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_STRIPCOMM Header Flag (V8.10 and Later)
      • H_TRACE Header Flag (V5 and Later)
      • H_USER Header Flag (V8.11 and Later)
      • H_VALID Header Flag (V5 and Later)
    • Headers and mc Configuration
    • Headers by Category
      • Recommended Headers
      • Sender Headers
      • Recipient Headers
      • Identification and Control Headers
      • Date and Trace Headers
      • Other Headers
      • MIME Headers
    • Forwarding with Re-Sent Headers
      • Remove and Re-create the From: Header
    • Precedence
      • The P Configuration Command
    • Pitfalls
    • Alphabetized Header Reference
      • Apparently-From:
      • Apparently-To:
      • Auto-Submitted:
      • Bcc:
      • Cc:
      • Comments:
      • Content-Description:
      • Content-Disposition:
      • Content-Id:
      • Content-Length:
      • Content-Transfer-Encoding:
      • Content-Type:
      • Date:
      • Delivery-Receipt-To:
      • Delivered-To:
      • Disposition-Notification-To:
      • Encrypted:
      • Errors-To:
      • From:
      • Full-Name:
      • In-Reply-To:
      • Keywords:
      • Mail-From:
      • Message-ID:
      • Message:
      • MIME-Version:
      • Posted-Date:
      • Precedence:
      • Priority:
      • Received:
      • References:
      • Reply-To:
      • Return-Path:
      • Return-Receipt-To:
      • Sender:
      • Subject:
      • Text:
      • To:
      • Via:
      • X-Authentication-Warning:
      • X400-Received:
  • 26. The X (Milters) Configuration Command
    • Create Milter Support
      • Pre-V8.13 Enable with -DMILTER
      • Create libmilter
      • Special Build-Time Support
      • SM_CONF_POLL
      • MILTER_NO_NAGLE
    • Add Configuration Support
      • The X Configuration Command
        • The X configuration command F= equate
        • The X configuration command S= equate
        • The X configuration command T= equate
      • The InputMailFilters Option
      • DaemonPortOptions=InputFilter=
      • The SuperSafe Option with Milters
      • Root Won't Remove Socket File
      • Milter Logging with syslog
      • Pass Macros with Milter.macros
    • Build a Milter
    • Pitfalls
    • smfi_ Routine Reference
      • Milter smfi_addheader()
      • Milter smfi_addrcpt()
      • Milter smfi_addrcpt_par()
      • Milter smfi_chgfrom()
      • Milter smfi_chgheader()
      • Milter smfi_delrcpt()
      • Milter smfi_getpriv()
      • Milter smfi_getsymval()
      • Milter smfi_insheader()
      • Milter smfi_main()
      • Milter smfi_opensocket()
      • Milter smfi_progress()
      • Milter smfi_quarantine()
      • Milter smfi_register()
      • Milter smfi_replacebody()
      • Milter smfi_setbacklog()
      • Milter smfi_setconn()
      • Milter smfi_setdbg()
      • Milter smfi_setmlreply()
      • Milter smfi_setpriv()
      • Milter smfi_setreply()
        • V8.13 SMTP 421 and SMFIS_TEMPFAIL
      • Milter smfi_setsymlist()
      • Milter smfi_settimeout()
      • Milter smfi_stop()
      • Milter smfi_version()
    • xxfi_ Routine Reference
      • Milter xxfi_abort()
      • Milter xxfi_body()
      • Milter xxfi_close()
      • Milter xxfi_connect()
      • Milter xxfi_data()
      • Milter xxfi_envfrom()
      • Milter xxfi_envrcpt()
      • Milter xxfi_eoh()
      • Milter xxfi_eom()
      • Milter xxfi_header()
      • Milter xxfi_helo()
      • Milter xxfi_negotiate()
      • Milter xxfi_unknown()
• III. Appendixes
  • A. The mc Configuration Macros and Directives
  • B. What's New Since Edition 3
    • Chapter 1, Some Basics
    • Chapter 2, Download, Build, and Install
    • Chapter 3, Tune sendmail with Compile-Time Macros
    • Chapter 4, Maintain Security with sendmail
    • Chapter 5, Authentication and Encryption
    • Chapter 6, The sendmail Command Line
    • Chapter 7, How to Handle Spam
    • Chapter 8, Test Rule Sets with -bt
    • Chapter 9, DNS and sendmail
    • Chapter 10, Build and Use Companion Programs
    • Chapter 11, Manage the Queue
    • Chapter 12, Maintain Aliases
    • Chapter 13, Mailing Lists and ~/.forward
    • Chapter 14, Signals, Transactions, and Syslog
    • Chapter 15, Debug sendmail with -d
    • Chapter 16, Configuration File Overview
    • Chapter 17, Configure sendmail.cf with m4
    • Chapter 18, The R (Rules) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 19, The S (Rule Sets) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 20, The M (Mail Delivery Agent) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 21, The D (Define a Macro) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 22, The C and F (Class Macro) Configuration Commands
    • Chapter 23, The K (Database-Map) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 24, The O (Options) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 25, The H (Headers) Configuration Command
    • Chapter 26, The X (Milters) Configuration Command
  • C. The checkcompat( ) Function
    • How checkcompat( ) Works
      • Arguments Passed to checkcompat( )
      • Global Variables
• Bibliography
  • Publications and Postings
• Index
• About the Authors
• Colophon
• Copyright

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