Web Database Applications with PHP and MySQL. 2nd Edition Hugh E. Williams, David Lane

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• Web Database Applications with PHP and MySQL, 2nd Edition
  • SPECIAL OFFER: Upgrade this ebook with OReilly
  • A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  • Preface
    • What This Book Is About
    • What You Need to Know
    • How This Book Is Organized
    • How to Use This Book
    • Conventions Used in This Book
    • Using Code Examples
    • How to Contact Us
    • Web Site and Code Examples
    • Acknowledgments
  • 1. Database Applications and the Web
    • 1.1. The Web
    • 1.2. Three-Tier Architectures
      • 1.2.1. HTTP: the Hypertext Transfer Protocol
        • 1.2.1.1. HTTP example
      • 1.2.2. State
      • 1.2.3. Thickening the Client in the Three-Tier Model
      • 1.2.4. The Middle Tier
        • 1.2.4.1. Web servers
      • 1.2.5. Web Scripting with PHP
        • 1.2.5.1. Introducing PHP5
      • 1.2.6. The Database Tier
      • 1.2.7. Database Management Systems
        • 1.2.7.1. SQL
        • 1.2.7.2. Why use a database server?
        • 1.2.7.3. Examples of when to use a database server
        • 1.2.7.4. Examples of when not to use a DBMS
        • 1.2.7.5. The MySQL server
        • 1.2.7.6. Introducing MySQL 4
  • 2. The PHP Scripting Language
    • 2.1. Introducing PHP
      • 2.1.1. PHP Basics
        • 2.1.1.1. Creating PHP scripts
        • 2.1.1.2. Comments
        • 2.1.1.3. Outputting data with echo and print
      • 2.1.2. String Literals
        • 2.1.2.1. Variable substitution
        • 2.1.2.2. Character encoding
      • 2.1.3. Variables
      • 2.1.4. Types
      • 2.1.5. Constants
      • 2.1.6. Expressions, Operators, and Variable Assignment
        • 2.1.6.1. Operator precedence
    • 2.2. Conditions and Branches
      • 2.2.1. if...else Statement
      • 2.2.2. switch Statement
      • 2.2.3. Conditional Expressions
    • 2.3. Loops
      • 2.3.1. while
      • 2.3.2. do...while
      • 2.3.3. for
      • 2.3.4. Changing Loop Behavior
    • 2.4. Functions
    • 2.5. Working with Types
      • 2.5.1. Type Conversion
      • 2.5.2. Automatic Type Conversion
      • 2.5.3. Examining Variable Type and Content
        • 2.5.3.1. Is-identical and is-not-identical operators
        • 2.5.3.2. Debugging with gettype( ), print_r( ), and var_dump( )
        • 2.5.3.3. Testing, setting, and unsetting variables
    • 2.6. User-Defined Functions
      • 2.6.1. Parameter Types and Return Types
      • 2.6.2. Variable Scope
        • 2.6.2.1. Global variables
        • 2.6.2.2. Static variables
      • 2.6.3. Passing Variables to Functions
        • 2.6.3.1. Passing parameters by reference
        • 2.6.3.2. Assigning by reference
        • 2.6.3.3. Default parameter values
      • 2.6.4. Reusing Functions with Include and Require Files
        • 2.6.4.1. Managing include files
    • 2.7. A Working Example
  • 3. Arrays, Strings, and Advanced Data Manipulation in PHP
    • 3.1. Arrays
      • 3.1.1. Creating Arrays
        • 3.1.1.1. Associative arrays
        • 3.1.1.2. Removing elements from an array
        • 3.1.1.3. Array order
        • 3.1.1.4. Heterogeneous arrays
        • 3.1.1.5. Multidimensional arrays
      • 3.1.2. Using foreach Loops with Arrays
      • 3.1.3. Basic Array Functions
        • 3.1.3.1. Counting elements in arrays
        • 3.1.3.2. Functions that create arrays
        • 3.1.3.3. Exploding and imploding strings
        • 3.1.3.4. Finding the maximum and minimum values in an array
        • 3.1.3.5. Finding values in arrays with in_array( ) and array_search( )
        • 3.1.3.6. Keys and values
        • 3.1.3.7. Joining two or more arrays
        • 3.1.3.8. Reordering elements with array_reverse( )
      • 3.1.4. Sorting Arrays
        • 3.1.4.1. Sorting with sort( ) and rsort( )
        • 3.1.4.2. Sorting associative arrays
        • 3.1.4.3. Sorting on keys
        • 3.1.4.4. Sorting with user-defined element comparison
    • 3.2. Strings
      • 3.2.1. Length of a String
      • 3.2.2. Printing and Formatting Strings
        • 3.2.2.1. Creating formatted output with sprintf( ) and printf( )
        • 3.2.2.2. Padding strings
        • 3.2.2.3. Changing case
        • 3.2.2.4. Trimming whitespace
      • 3.2.3. Comparing Strings
      • 3.2.4. Finding and Extracting Substrings
        • 3.2.4.1. Extracting a substring from a string
        • 3.2.4.2. Finding the position of a substring
        • 3.2.4.3. Extracting a found portion of a string
      • 3.2.5. Replacing Characters and Substrings
        • 3.2.5.1. Replacing substrings
        • 3.2.5.2. Translating characters and substrings
    • 3.3. Regular Expressions
      • 3.3.1. Regular Expression Syntax
        • 3.3.1.1. Characters and wildcards
        • 3.3.1.2. Character lists
        • 3.3.1.3. Anchors
        • 3.3.1.4. Optional and repeating characters
        • 3.3.1.5. Groups
        • 3.3.1.6. Alternative patterns
        • 3.3.1.7. Escaping special characters
        • 3.3.1.8. Metacharacters
      • 3.3.2. Regular Expression Functions
        • 3.3.2.1. Finding and extracting values
        • 3.3.2.2. Replacing substrings
        • 3.3.2.3. Splitting a string into an array
    • 3.4. Dates and Times
      • 3.4.1. Generating a Timestamp
        • 3.4.1.1. Current time
        • 3.4.1.2. Creating timestamps with mktime( ) and gmmktime( )
        • 3.4.1.3. String to timestamp
        • 3.4.1.4. Subsecond times
      • 3.4.2. Formatting a Date
      • 3.4.3. Validating a Date
    • 3.5. Integers and Floats
      • 3.5.1. Absolute Value
      • 3.5.2. Ceiling and Floor
      • 3.5.3. Rounding
      • 3.5.4. Number Systems
      • 3.5.5. Basic Trigonometry Functions
      • 3.5.6. Powers and Logs
      • 3.5.7. Testing Number Results
      • 3.5.8. Random Number Generation
  • 4. Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming with PHP 5
    • 4.1. Classes and Objects
      • 4.1.1. Member Variables
      • 4.1.2. Member Functions
      • 4.1.3. Using include Files for Class Definitions
      • 4.1.4. Constructors
      • 4.1.5. Destructors
      • 4.1.6. Private Members Variables
      • 4.1.7. Private Member Functions
      • 4.1.8. Static Member Variables
      • 4.1.9. Static Member Functions
      • 4.1.10. Cloning Objects
        • 4.1.10.1. Cloning in PHP5
        • 4.1.10.2. Cloning in PHP4
    • 4.2. Inheritance
      • 4.2.1. Calling Parent Constructors
      • 4.2.2. Redefined Functions
      • 4.2.3. Protected Member Variables and Functions
      • 4.2.4. Final Functions
    • 4.3. Throwing and Catching Exceptions
      • 4.3.1. The Exception Class
  • 5. SQL and MySQL
    • 5.1. Database Basics
      • 5.1.1. Introducing Relational Databases
      • 5.1.2. Database Terminology
      • 5.1.3. The Winestore Database
        • 5.1.3.1. The winestore entity-relationship model
    • 5.2. MySQL Command Interpreter
    • 5.3. Managing Databases and Tables
      • 5.3.1. Creating Databases
      • 5.3.2. Creating Tables
        • 5.3.2.1. Tables and attributes
        • 5.3.2.2. Modifiers
        • 5.3.2.3. Keys
      • 5.3.3. Deleting Databases and Tables
    • 5.4. Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data
      • 5.4.1. Inserting Data
        • 5.4.1.1. Defaults
        • 5.4.1.2. Auto-increment
      • 5.4.2. Deleting Data
      • 5.4.3. Updating Data
    • 5.5. Querying with SQL SELECT
      • 5.5.1. Basic Querying
      • 5.5.2. WHERE Clauses
      • 5.5.3. Sorting and Grouping Output
        • 5.5.3.1. ORDER BY
        • 5.5.3.2. GROUP BY
        • 5.5.3.3. HAVING
        • 5.5.3.4. Combining clauses
        • 5.5.3.5. DISTINCT
      • 5.5.4. Limiting Output in MySQL
    • 5.6. Join Queries
      • 5.6.1. Beware of the Cartesian Product
      • 5.6.2. Elementary Natural Joins
        • 5.6.2.1. Examples
        • 5.6.2.2. Using DISTINCT in joins
      • 5.6.3. Joins with More than Two Tables
    • 5.7. Case Study: Adding a New Wine
  • 6. Querying Web Databases
    • 6.1. Querying a MySQL Database Using PHP
      • 6.1.1. Opening and Using a Database Connection
      • 6.1.2. Using mysql_fetch_array( )
      • 6.1.3. Error Handling of MySQL Database Functions
      • 6.1.4. Working with Table Structures
      • 6.1.5. Formatting Results
      • 6.1.6. Using Require Files in Practice
      • 6.1.7. Case Study: Producing a Select List
        • 6.1.7.1. Implementing the selectDistinct( ) function
    • 6.2. Processing User Input
      • 6.2.1. Passing Data from the Browser to the Server
      • 6.2.2. Passing Data with the HTML Form Environment
      • 6.2.3. Passing Data with URLs
      • 6.2.4. Passing Data with Embedded Links
      • 6.2.5. More on Accessing User Data
        • 6.2.5.1. Before PHP 4.2
      • 6.2.6. Processing Form Data
        • 6.2.6.1. The MULTIPLE attribute
        • 6.2.6.2. Other form issues
      • 6.2.7. Security and User Data
      • 6.2.8. Querying with User Input
      • 6.2.9. One-Component Querying
    • 6.3. MySQL Function Reference
      • 6.3.1. Frequently Used Functions
      • 6.3.2. Other Functions
      • 6.3.3. Functions to Avoid
  • 7. PEAR
    • 7.1. Overview
    • 7.2. Core Components
      • 7.2.1. Whats Installed?
        • 7.2.1.1. Unix systemsPHP 4.3.0 and later
        • 7.2.1.2. Microsoft WindowsPHP 4.3.2 and later
      • 7.2.2. Using PEAR DB
        • 7.2.2.1. Should I use PEAR DB?
        • 7.2.2.2. Getting started
        • 7.2.2.3. Handling errors in PEAR DB
        • 7.2.2.4. Essential functions for accessing MySQL with PEAR DB
    • 7.3. Packages
      • 7.3.1. Installing, Upgrading, and Understanding Packages
        • 7.3.1.1. Finding out about packages
        • 7.3.1.2. Using the PEAR installer
      • 7.3.2. Using HTML Templates
        • 7.3.2.1. Working with blocks and placeholders
        • 7.3.2.2. Nested blocks
        • 7.3.2.3. Preserving and removing blocks
        • 7.3.2.4. More on nesting and optional blocks
        • 7.3.2.5. Extended Integrated Templates (ITX)
        • 7.3.2.6. Essential IT and ITX functions
      • 7.3.3. Optional Packages
        • 7.3.3.1. Authentication
        • 7.3.3.2. Benchmarking
        • 7.3.3.3. Caching
        • 7.3.3.4. Console
        • 7.3.3.5. Database
        • 7.3.3.6. Date
        • 7.3.3.7. Filesystem
        • 7.3.3.8. HTML
        • 7.3.3.9. HTTP
        • 7.3.3.10. Internationalization
        • 7.3.3.11. Logging
        • 7.3.3.12. Mail
        • 7.3.3.13. Networking
        • 7.3.3.14. PEAR
        • 7.3.3.15. PHP
        • 7.3.3.16. XML
        • 7.3.3.17. Web services
  • 8. Writing to Web Databases
    • 8.1. Database Inserts, Updates, and Deletes
      • 8.1.1. Reloading Data and Relocation Techniques
        • 8.1.1.1. Solving the reload problem in practice
      • 8.1.2. Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data
        • 8.1.2.1. Inserting data
        • 8.1.2.2. Updating data
        • 8.1.2.3. Case study: updates in practice
        • 8.1.2.4. Deleting data
    • 8.2. Issues in Writing Data to Databases
      • 8.2.1. Transactions and Concurrency
      • 8.2.2. Locking to Achieve Concurrency in MySQL
        • 8.2.2.1. When and how to lock tables
        • 8.2.2.2. The LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements in MySQL
        • 8.2.2.3. Locking for performance
      • 8.2.3. Locking Tables in Web Database Applications
        • 8.2.3.1. Locking methods that don't work in web database applications
        • 8.2.3.2. Locking with an auxiliary table
        • 8.2.3.3. Managing identifiers with PEAR DB
  • 9. Validation with PHP and JavaScript
    • 9.1. Validation and Error Reporting Principles
      • 9.1.1. Models That Don't Work
      • 9.1.2. Models That Do Work
    • 9.2. Server-Side Validation with PHP
      • 9.2.1. Mandatory Data
      • 9.2.2. Validating Strings
        • 9.2.2.1. Basic techniques
        • 9.2.2.2. Validating Zip and postcodes
        • 9.2.2.3. Validating email addresses
        • 9.2.2.4. Validating URLs
        • 9.2.2.5. Validating numbers
        • 9.2.2.6. Validating credit cards
      • 9.2.3. Validating Dates and Times
        • 9.2.3.1. Dates
        • 9.2.3.2. Times
        • 9.2.3.3. Using the PEAR Date package
        • 9.2.3.4. Logic, the date function, and MySQL
    • 9.3. JavaScript and Client-Side Validation
      • 9.3.1. Introducing JavaScript
      • 9.3.2. JavaScript and PHP
        • 9.3.2.1. Generating output
        • 9.3.2.2. Loops and conditionals
        • 9.3.2.3. Functions
        • 9.3.2.4. Debugging JavaScript
        • 9.3.2.5. Objects
        • 9.3.2.6. Events
        • 9.3.2.7. Methods and properties
      • 9.3.3. JavaScript Examples
        • 9.3.3.1. A password form validation function
        • 9.3.3.2. Rollover presentation with mouseover events
        • 9.3.3.3. Prefilling form data with JavaScript calculations
        • 9.3.3.4. Interacting with the web browser
        • 9.3.3.5. Which browser is the user using?
        • 9.3.3.6. Drop-down menus
      • 9.3.4. Case Study: A Generic JavaScript Validation Function
        • 9.3.4.1. The JavaScript validation script
        • 9.3.4.2. Using the JavaScript validation function
        • 9.3.4.3. The PHP and template components
  • 10. Sessions
    • 10.1. Introducing Session Management
    • 10.2. PHP Session Management
      • 10.2.1. Starting a Session
      • 10.2.2. Using Session Variables
        • 10.2.2.1. Unsetting session variables
        • 10.2.2.2. Session variable types
        • 10.2.2.3. Serialization of session variables
      • 10.2.3. Ending a Session
      • 10.2.4. Designing Session-Based Applications
        • 10.2.4.1. Session to track authenticated users
        • 10.2.4.2. Sessions to track anonymous users
    • 10.3. Case Study: Using Sessions in Validation
      • 10.3.1. Improving the Phonebook Details Form
      • 10.3.2. The Validation Script
        • 10.3.2.1. Improving error messages
        • 10.3.2.2. Saving last-entered values as a session variable
        • 10.3.2.3. The final validation script
      • 10.3.3. The Phonebook Entry Form Script
        • 10.3.3.1. Displaying previously entered form values
        • 10.3.3.2. Displaying error messages
        • 10.3.3.3. The final phonebook entry script
    • 10.4. When to Use Sessions
      • 10.4.1. Reasons to Use Sessions
        • 10.4.1.1. Performance
        • 10.4.1.2. Sequence of interaction
        • 10.4.1.3. Intermediate results
        • 10.4.1.4. Personalization
      • 10.4.2. Reasons to Avoid Sessions
        • 10.4.2.1. Need for centralized session store
        • 10.4.2.2. Performance
        • 10.4.2.3. Timeouts
        • 10.4.2.4. Bookmark restrictions
        • 10.4.2.5. Security
    • 10.5. PHP Session API and Configuration
      • 10.5.1. Functions for Accessing Sessions in PHP
        • 10.5.1.1. Functions used when register_globals is enabled
      • 10.5.2. Session Management Without Cookies
        • 10.5.2.1. No cookie?
        • 10.5.2.2. Including the session ID in URLs
        • 10.5.2.3. URL rewriting
        • 10.5.2.4. Turning off cookies
      • 10.5.3. Garbage Collection
      • 10.5.4. Configuration Parameters
  • 11. Authentication and Security
    • 11.1. HTTP Authentication
      • 11.1.1. How HTTP Authentication Works
      • 11.1.2. Using Apache to Authenticate
    • 11.2. HTTP Authentication with PHP
      • 11.2.1. Accessing User Credentials
      • 11.2.2. Managing HTTP Authentication with PHP
      • 11.2.3. Limiting Access by IP Address
      • 11.2.4. Authentication Using a Database
        • 11.2.4.1. Creating a database and table
        • 11.2.4.2. Protecting passwords
        • 11.2.4.3. Authenticating
        • 11.2.4.4. Encrypting other data in a database
    • 11.3. Form-Based Authentication
      • 11.3.1. Reasons to Use HTTP Authentication
      • 11.3.2. Reasons to Avoid HTTP Authentication
      • 11.3.3. Authentication and Session-Based Applications
        • 11.3.3.1. Session hijacking
        • 11.3.3.2. Recording IP addresses to detect session hijack attempts
      • 11.3.4. Session-Based Authentication Framework
        • 11.3.4.1. Code overview
        • 11.3.4.2. Login page
        • 11.3.4.3. Setup script
        • 11.3.4.4. The authentication.inc require file
        • 11.3.4.5. Application scripts and pages
        • 11.3.4.6. Logout script
        • 11.3.4.7. Password management
    • 11.4. Protecting Data on the Web
      • 11.4.1. The Secure Sockets Layer Protocol
        • 11.4.1.1. SSL architecture
        • 11.4.1.2. Cipher suites
        • 11.4.1.3. SSL sessions
        • 11.4.1.4. Certificates and certification authorities
  • 12. Errors, Debugging, and Deployment
    • 12.1. Errors
      • 12.1.1. Accessing the PHP Manual
      • 12.1.2. Configuring Error Reporting
    • 12.2. Common Programming Errors
      • 12.2.1. A Page That Produces Partial or No Output
      • 12.2.2. Variable Problems
        • 12.2.2.1. Variable naming
        • 12.2.2.2. Missing output
      • 12.2.3. Less Common Problems
        • 12.2.3.1. Complaints about headers
        • 12.2.3.2. Missing semicolons, braces, and quotes
        • 12.2.3.3. Source shown in the browser
    • 12.3. Custom Error Handlers
      • 12.3.1. A Basic Custom Handler
      • 12.3.2. A Production Error Handler
        • 12.3.2.1. Including debugging information
        • 12.3.2.2. Logging and notifying the user
        • 12.3.2.3. Triggering your own errors
        • 12.3.2.4. Cleaning up the application
  • 13. Reporting
    • 13.1. Creating a Report
      • 13.1.1. Formats
        • 13.1.1.1. Portable Document Format (PDF)
        • 13.1.1.2. Rich Text Format (RTF)
        • 13.1.1.3. PostScript
        • 13.1.1.4. HTML and XML
        • 13.1.1.5. Email and plain text
    • 13.2. Producing PDF
      • 13.2.1. Hello, world
      • 13.2.2. A Full-Featured Document
      • 13.2.3. A Database Example
      • 13.2.4. Creating a Report
    • 13.3. PDF-PHP Reference
      • 13.3.1. EZPDF Class
      • 13.3.2. Base Class
  • 14. Advanced Features of Object-Oriented Programming in PHP 5
    • 14.1. Working with Class Hierarchies
      • 14.1.1. Polymorphism
      • 14.1.2. Discovering Relationships
        • 14.1.2.1. Functions
    • 14.2. Class Type Hints
    • 14.3. Abstract Classes and Interfaces
      • 14.3.1. The abstract keyword
      • 14.3.2. Interfaces
    • 14.4. Freight Calculator Example
      • 14.4.1. Review of the FreightCalculator
      • 14.4.2. Deliverable Interface
      • 14.4.3. Improving the FreightCalculator
      • 14.4.4. Summary of Improvements
      • 14.4.5. Using the Improved Freight Calculator
      • 14.4.6. Class Diagram
  • 15. Advanced SQL
    • 15.1. Exploring with SHOW
    • 15.2. Advanced Querying
      • 15.2.1. Advanced Join Types
        • 15.2.1.1. Natural and inner joins
        • 15.2.1.2. Left and right joins
        • 15.2.1.3. Unions
      • 15.2.2. Aliases
      • 15.2.3. Nested Queries
        • 15.2.3.1. Introduction
        • 15.2.3.2. The IN clause
        • 15.2.3.3. The EXISTS clause
        • 15.2.3.4. Nested queries in the FROM clause
      • 15.2.4. User Variables
      • 15.2.5. ROLLUP with GROUP BY
      • 15.2.6. Other MySQL Topics
    • 15.3. Manipulating Data and Databases
      • 15.3.1. Altering Databases
      • 15.3.2. More on Inserting Data
        • 15.3.2.1. Using INSERT with SELECT
        • 15.3.2.2. Using CREATE TABLE with SELECT
        • 15.3.2.3. Replacing data
        • 15.3.2.4. Bulk loading a file into a database
        • 15.3.2.5. Delayed insertion
      • 15.3.3. More on Deleting Data
      • 15.3.4. More on Updating Data
    • 15.4. Functions
      • 15.4.1. Arithmetic and Comparison Operators
        • 15.4.1.1. String functions
        • 15.4.1.2. Mathematical functions
        • 15.4.1.3. Date and time functions
        • 15.4.1.4. Miscellaneous operators and functions
    • 15.5. Automating Querying
      • 15.5.1. Unix
      • 15.5.2. Microsoft Windows
    • 15.6. Table Types
      • 15.6.1. Overview
      • 15.6.2. MyISAM
      • 15.6.3. InnoDB
        • 15.6.3.1. Transactions using COMMIT and ROLLBACK
      • 15.6.4. Heap
    • 15.7. Backup and Recovery
      • 15.7.1. Backup
      • 15.7.2. Selective Backups
      • 15.7.3. Restore
      • 15.7.4. Checking and Fixing Tables
      • 15.7.5. Exporting Data to Other Environments
    • 15.8. Managing Users and Privileges
      • 15.8.1. Creating Users and Privileges
        • 15.8.1.1. Privileges and scope
        • 15.8.1.2. Network access
      • 15.8.2. Revoking Privileges
        • 15.8.2.1. How MySQL manages privileges
    • 15.9. Tuning MySQL
      • 15.9.1. Index Design
      • 15.9.2. Design Tips
      • 15.9.3. Server Tuning Tips
      • 15.9.4. Query Caching
        • 15.9.4.1. Configuring query caching
        • 15.9.4.2. Controlling query caching
  • 16. Hugh and Dave's Online Wines:A Case Study
    • 16.1. Functional and System Requirements
      • 16.1.1. Requirements List
    • 16.2. Application Overview
      • 16.2.1. Winestore Scripts
        • 16.2.1.1. Functional overview
        • 16.2.1.2. Using and accessing the source code
    • 16.3. Common Components
      • 16.3.1. Application Templates
      • 16.3.2. The winestoreTemplate Class
        • 16.3.2.1. How the class works
        • 16.3.2.2. The buttons and the button parameter
      • 16.3.3. The winestoreFormTemplate Class
        • 16.3.3.1. How the class works
      • 16.3.4. Database Parameters
      • 16.3.5. Validation
      • 16.3.6. Custom Error Handler
      • 16.3.7. General-Purpose Functions
  • 17. Managing Customers
    • 17.1. Code Overview
    • 17.2. Customer Validation
    • 17.3. The Customer Form
      • 17.3.1. The Customer Receipt Page
  • 18. The Shopping Cart
    • 18.1. Code Overview
    • 18.2. The Winestore Home Page
    • 18.3. The Shopping Cart Implementation
      • 18.3.1. Viewing the Shopping Cart
      • 18.3.2. Adding Items to the Shopping Cart
      • 18.3.3. Emptying the Shopping Cart
      • 18.3.4. Updating the Shopping Cart Quantities
  • 19. Ordering and Shipping at the Online Winestore
    • 19.1. Code Overview
    • 19.2. Credit Card and Shipping Instructions
    • 19.3. Finalizing Orders
    • 19.4. HTML and Email Receipts
      • 19.4.1. Email Receipt
        • 19.4.1.1. The PEAR Mail package
      • 19.4.2. HTML Receipts
  • 20. Searching and Authentication in the Online Winestore
    • 20.1. Code Overview
      • 20.1.1. Searching and Browsing
      • 20.1.2. Authentication
    • 20.2. Searching and Browsing
      • 20.2.1. Search Criteria Form
      • 20.2.2. Querying and Displaying Results
        • 20.2.2.1. Finding the wines
        • 20.2.2.2. Displaying the wines
    • 20.3. Authentication
      • 20.3.1. General-Purpose Functions
      • 20.3.2. Logging In and Out
      • 20.3.3. Changing Passwords
  • A. Linux Installation Guide
    • A.1. Finding Out What's Installed
      • A.1.1. MySQL
      • A.1.2. Apache and PHP
    • A.2. Installation Overview
    • A.3. Installing MySQL
      • A.3.1. Starting MySQL
      • A.3.2. Configuring MySQL
    • A.4. Installing Apache
      • A.4.1. Installing a Secure Apache Server
        • A.4.1.1. Installing OpenSSL
        • A.4.1.2. Creating a key and a certificate
      • A.4.2. Installing a Regular Apache Server
    • A.5. Installing PHP
    • A.6. What's Needed for This Book
      • A.6.1. Installing PEAR Packages
      • A.6.2. Installing the Code Examples
      • A.6.3. Installing the PDF PHP Library
      • A.6.4. Loading the Winestore Database
      • A.6.5. Installing the Winestore Application
  • B. Microsoft Windows Installation Guide
    • B.1. Installation Overview
    • B.2. Installing with EasyPHP
    • B.3. What's Needed for This Book
      • B.3.1. Installing PEAR Packages
      • B.3.2. Installing the Code Examples
      • B.3.3. Installing the PDF PHP Library
      • B.3.4. Loading the Winestore Database
      • B.3.5. Installing the Winestore Application
  • C. Mac OS X Installation Guide
    • C.1. Getting Started
    • C.2. Installing MySQL
      • C.2.1. Configuring MySQL
    • C.3. Setting Up Apache and PHP
      • C.3.1. Starting Apache
      • C.3.2. The Apache and PHP Setup
      • C.3.3. Upgrading PHP
      • C.3.4. Installing a Secure Apache Server
        • C.3.4.1. Creating a key and certificate
    • C.4. What's Needed for This Book
      • C.4.1. Installing PEAR Packages
      • C.4.2. Installing the Code Examples
      • C.4.3. Installing the PDF PHP Library
      • C.4.4. Loading the Winestore Database
      • C.4.5. Installing the Winestore Application
  • D. Web Protocols
    • D.1. Network Basics
      • D.1.1. TCP/IP
      • D.1.2. IP Addresses
        • D.1.2.1. Ports
    • D.2. Hypertext Transfer Protocol
      • D.2.1. Uniform Resource Locators
        • D.2.1.1. Protocol
        • D.2.1.2. Host and service identification
        • D.2.1.3. Nonstandard TCP ports
        • D.2.1.4. Resource identification
        • D.2.1.5. Parameters and queries
        • D.2.1.6. Fragment identifiers
        • D.2.1.7. Absolute and relative URLs
        • D.2.1.8. URL encoding
      • D.2.2. HTTP Requests
        • D.2.2.1. Request methods
        • D.2.2.2. GET versus POST
      • D.2.3. HTTP Responses
        • D.2.3.1. Status codes
      • D.2.4. Caching
  • E. Modeling and Designing Relational Databases
    • E.1. The Relational Model
      • E.1.1. Case Study: Relationships in the Winestore
    • E.2. Entity-Relationship Modeling
      • E.2.1. Case Study: Modeling the Online Winestore
        • E.2.1.1. Identifying entities in ER modeling
        • E.2.1.2. Identifying relationships in ER modeling
        • E.2.1.3. Relationships in the winestore ER model
        • E.2.1.4. Identifying key attributes in ER modeling
        • E.2.1.5. Other ER modeling tools
        • E.2.1.6. Completing the ER model
      • E.2.2. Converting an Entity-Relationship Model to SQL
        • E.2.2.1. Step 1: Convert regular entities to tables
        • E.2.2.2. Step 2: Convert weak entities to tables
        • E.2.2.3. Step 3: One-to-one relationships
        • E.2.2.4. Step 4: One-to-many relationships
        • E.2.2.5. Step 5: Many-to-many relationships
  • F. Managing Sessions in theDatabase Tier
    • F.1. Using a Database to Keep State
    • F.2. PHP Session Management
      • F.2.1. PHP Session Management Storage Methods
      • F.2.2. Building User-Defined Storage Handlers
    • F.3. MySQL Session Store
      • F.3.1. Session Table Structure
      • F.3.2. Handler Implementations
        • F.3.2.1. Support functions
        • F.3.2.2. Session open handler
        • F.3.2.3. Session read handler
        • F.3.2.4. Session write handler
        • F.3.2.5. Session close handler
        • F.3.2.6. Session destroy handler
        • F.3.2.7. Garbage collection handler
        • F.3.2.8. Registering session handlers
      • F.3.3. Using the User-Defined Session Handler Code
      • F.3.4. PEAR's HTTP_Session Package
  • G. Resources
    • G.1. Client Tier Resources
    • G.2. Middle-Tier Resources
      • G.2.1. Web Server and Web Technology Resources
      • G.2.2. Networking and Web Resources
      • G.2.3. PHP resources
    • G.3. Database Tier Resources
    • G.4. Security and Cryptography Resources
  • H. The Improved MySQL Library
    • H.1. New Features
    • H.2. Getting Started
      • H.2.1. Installing the Library
      • H.2.2. Migrating to the New Library
    • H.3. Using the New Features
      • H.3.1. Basic Features
      • H.3.2. Preparing and Executing Queries
        • H.3.2.1. Inserting data
        • H.3.2.2. Retrieving data
      • H.3.3. Profiling Queries
  • Index
  • About the Authors
  • Colophon
  • SPECIAL OFFER: Upgrade this ebook with OReilly

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