Transport accessibility and road network load in Poland when faced with flood hazards

Spis treści ebooka

1. Introduction 9

1.1. Research topic and objectives of the study 9

1.2. Spatio-temporal scope of the study 13

1.3. Data sources           16

1.4. Glossary of key terms          18

1.5. Structure of the monograph and schedule of the research procedure              24

 

2. Non-typical events in road transport              27

2.1. Review of non-typical events           27

2.2. Flooding as a hindrance to transport            33

2.2.1. Selected properties of floods in Poland    33

2.2.2. Historical examples of the impact of floods           37

2.2.3. Types of impact on road transport             40

2.3. Transport during evacuation            44

 

3. Factors impacting the operation and development of the road network in flood hazard areas    51

3.1. Flood hazard areas and selected characteristics       51

3.2. Selected components of land use and population distribution in flood  hazard areas     65

3.2.1. Selected components of land use 66

3.2.2. Population distribution    97

3.3. Legal and administrative frameworks for the management of flood hazard areas     103

3.4. Regulations for the development and management of road infrastructure in flood hazard areas       112

 

4. The road network in flood hazard areas         123

4.1. Identification of sections of the road network within flood hazard areas              123

4.2. Methodology for verifying the safety of road engineering structures and new developments in road infrastructure   131

4.3. Location of sections of the road network at risk of flooding 137

 

5. Flood vulnerability indices for passenger road transport       151

5.1. Traffic speed modelling       151

5.1.1. Introduction and review of studies            151

5.1.2. Description of the model 157

5.2. Transport accessibility         168

5.2.1. Isochronous and cumulative accessibility 168

5.2.2. Potential accessibility       173

5.3. Road network load 181

5.3.1. Overview 181

5.3.2. Trip generation    186

5.3.3. Spatial distribution of trips and classification of transport tasks    194

5.3.4. Traffic distribution over the network        200

5.4. How the RoadLoad application works          206

 

6. Changes in transport accessibility following floods    211

6.1. Short trips  211

6.1.1. The Vistula River basin     211

6.1.2. The Oder River basin        221

6.1.3. The Pregolya River basin 228

6.1.4. Main rivers           229

6.2. Long trips   234

6.2.1. The Vistula River basin     235

6.2.2. The Oder River basin        243

6.2.3. The Pregolya River basin 250

6.2.4. Main rivers           250

 

7. Changes in road network load following floods          257

7.1. Commuting to work             257

7.1.1. The Vistula River basin     258

7.1.2. The Oder River basin        266

7.1.3. The Pregolya River basin 272

7.1.4. Main rivers           273

7.2. Business trips          278

7.2.1. The Vistula River basin     279

7.2.2. The Oder River basin        287

7.2.3. The Pregolya River basin 293

7.2.4. Main rivers           294

 

8. Effects of flooding on passenger road transport – a synthesis             301

8.1. Effects on transport accessibility     301

8.2. Effects on road network load           318

 

9. Conclusions and recommendations  333

9.1. Conclusions and guidelines for further research       333

9.2. Recommendations to reduce vulnerability of road network to flooding              340

 

Annex   343

Synopsis in Polish          365

Literature and source materials              381

List of figures    409

List of tables     421

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