Nomina Agentis in the language of Shakespearean drama

Spis treści ebooka

Table of contents

 

Abbreviations and symbols / 9

Introduction / 11

Chapter 1: Nominalisations in selected linguistic theories / 15

1.1 The place of nominalisations in grammar / 15

1.2 Nominalisations in Structural Linguistics / 17

1.3 Nominalisations in Transformational-Generative Grammar (TGG) / 18

1.4 Nominalisations in Generative Semantics (GS) / 25

1.5 Nominalisations in Cognitive Linguistics / 27

1.6 Nominalisations in the approaches based on the theory of selectional restrictions / 29

1.7 Conclusion / 32

 

Chapter 2: The problem of productivity in word-formation / 33

2.1 The notion of productivity in linguistics / 33

2.2 Productivity as frequency versus productivity as potentiality / 34

2.3 Productivity with relation to language levels / 38

2.4 Degrees of productivity / 38

2.5 Restrictions on productivity / 39

2.5.1 Linguistic r estrictions / 39

2.5.2 Extralinguistic restrictions on productivity / 40

2.6 Measuring productivity / 42

2.6.1 Measures based on type frequency / 42

2.6.2 Measures based on token frequency / 43

2.7 Productivity versus creativity / 45

2.8 Prerequisites for productivity / 45

2.9 The problem of estimating productivity in historical language studies / 47

2.10 Conclusion / 48

 

Chapter 3: Nomina Agentis versus Nomina Instrumenti: The fuzziness of categorial borders / 51

3.1 Formal and semantic correspondence between agents and instruments / 51

3.2 Attempts at isolating the categorial features for agents and instruments / 52

3.3 Agents and instruments in the light of the theory of categorisation / 55

3.4 Categories and categorisation in Cognitive Linguistics / 58

3.5 Conclusion / 60

 

Chapter 4: Semantic, syntactic, and morphological properties of agent nouns / 63

4.1 Agents versus locatives / 63

4.2 Agents versus experiencers / 64

4.3 Agency and C ausality / 66

4.4 Other semantic features of agents / 67

4.5 Semantic relations between an agent noun and its motivating verbal base: Habitual versus actual agents / 68

4.6 Denominal Nomina Agentis / 70

4.7 Methods of deriving Nomina Agentis in Modern English / 73

4.7.1 The suffix -ant/-ent / 73

4.7.2 The suffix -ar / 74

4.7.3 The suffix -ee / 75

4.7.4 The suffix -er / 76

4.7.5 The suffix -ess / 80

4.7.6 The suffix -ic/-ician / 80

4.7.7 The suffix -ist / 81

4.7.8 The suffix -or / 81

4.7.9 The suffix -ster / 83

4.7.10 The suffix -Ø (conversion) / 83

4.8 Conclusion / 84

 

Chapter 5: Early Modern English ― linguistic and cultural background / 85

5.1 External history and its influence on language / 85

5.2 Attitudes to language / 86

5.3 Vocabulary and word-formation / 86

5.4 Semantic changes / 87

5.5 Conclusion / 95

 

Chapter 6: Agent nouns in Shakespeare’s plays / 97

6.1 Source material and data collection / 97

6.2 Definition and classification of agent nouns / 98

6.3 General corpus characteristics / 99

6.4a Unanalysable agent nouns / 99

6.4b Semantic analysis / 100

6.5 Analysable a gent n ouns / 104

6.5.1 The suffix -er / 105

6.5.1.1 Formal a nalysis / 105

6.5.1.2 Semantic a nalysis / 108

6.5.1.2.1 Deverbal a gent n ouns / 108

6.5.1.2.2 Denominal agent nouns / 110

6.5.1.3 Shakespeare’s neosemanticisms in -er / 111

6.5.1.4 Shakespeare’s agentive neologisms in -er / 112

6.5.1.4.1 Shakespeare’s agentive neologisms in -er: Semantics / 113

6.5.1.4.2 Shakespeare’s agentive neologisms in -er: Institutionalisation / 114

6.5.2 The suffix -or / 114

6.5.2.1 Formal a nalysis / 115

6.5.2.2 Semantic analysis / 116

6.5.3 The semi-suffix -man / 117

6.5.3.1 Formal a nalysis / 118

6.5.3.2 Semantic analysis / 119

6.5.4 The suffix -ess / 121

6.5.4.1 Formal a nalysis / 121

6.5.4.2 Semantic analysis / 122

6.5.5 The suffix -ant / 123

6.5.5.1 Formal a nalysis / 123

6.5.5.2 Semantic analysis / 124

6.5.6 The suffix -ist / 125

6.5.6.1 Formal a nalysis / 125

6.5.6.2 Semantic analysis / 126

6.5.7 The suffix -ian/-ician / 127

6.5.7.1 Formal analysis / 128

6.5.7.2 Semantic a nalysis / 128

6.5.8 The suffix -ster / 129

6.5.8.1 Formal a nalysis / 129

6.5.8.2 Semantic analysis / 130

6.5.9 The suffix -eer / 131

6.5.9.1 Formal a nalysis / 131

6.5.9.2 Semantic a nalysis / 131

6.5.10 The suffix -ar / 132

6.6 Conclusion / 132

 

Conclusions / 137

Bibliography / 139

Index of subjects / 147

Index of scholars / 149

Appendix: Shakespeare’s agentive neologisms / 151

Streszczenie / 153

Zusammenfassung / 155

pokaż cały spis treści

ukryj recenzje