ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Ian Bond is the Director of foreign policy at the Centre for European Reform since April 2013. Prior to that, he was a member of the British diplomatic service for 28 years.
His last appointment was as the Political Counsellor and joint Head of the foreign and security policy group in the British embassy, Washington (2007-2012), where he focused on U.S. foreign policy towards Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia, and Africa. He was British Ambassador to Latvia from 2005-2007. He was posted in Vienna as Deputy Head of the UK delegation to the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) from 2000 to 2004, working on human rights and democracy in the OSCE area, and on conflict prevention and resolution in the Balkans and the former Soviet Union. His earlier career included postings in Moscow (1993-1996) and at NATO HQ (1987-1990), and working in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office on issues related to the former Soviet Union, the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy, and NATO and UK defence policy.
Like George H.W. Bush, he is an alumnus of Phillips Andover Academy in Massachusetts (U.S.).
Heinrich Brauss is the former Assistant Secretary General for Defence Policy and Planning on 4 October 2013, having joined the International Staff of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in September 2007 as Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Policy and Planning.
Prior to joining NATO, he served at the EU, first in the European Union Military Staff as Assistant Chief of Staff, Operations and Exercises Division, and then as the Director of the Civilian/Military Cell and the EU Operations Centre.
In 2001, he assumed command of an armoured brigade in Potsdam/Germany. He also deployed for operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina where he served as Chief of Staff in the headquarters of the stabilisation force (SFOR). Other appointments included Chief of Staff of a mechanised infantry brigade and Commander of an armoured artillery battalion.
He first gained international experience as a member of the Staff of the German Military Representative in the Military Committee of NATO and EU/WEU in Brussels, where his responsibilities covered NATO strategy, enlargement, and force planning. He also served as Branch Chief in the Planning and Advisory Staff to the former German Minister of Defence, Volker Rühe, in Bonn, Germany.
Heinrich Brauss retired on 31 July 2018, after 46 years of service in the German Armed Forces. He holds the rank of Lieutenant General (ret.).
James Jay Carafano is a leading expert in national security and foreign policy challenges, an accomplished historian and teacher, as well as a prolific writer and researcher. He currently serves as The Heritage Foundation's Vice President, Foreign and Defense Policy Studies, assuming responsibility for Heritage's entire defence and foreign policy team. He is also an E.W. Richardson Fellow and the Director of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies.
Carafano is a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and served 25 years in the U.S. Army, retiring as a Lt. Colonel. He served in Europe, Korea, and the United States. His assignments included head speechwriter for the Army Chief of Staff, the service's highest-ranking officer. Before retiring, Carafano was executive editor of Joint Force Quarterly, the Defense Department's premiere professional military journal.
From 2012 to 2014, he served on the Homeland Security Advisory Council convened by the secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. He formerly was a senior fellow at George Washington University's Homeland Security Policy Institute. He also previously served on the congressionally-mandated Advisory Panel on Department of Defense Capabilities for Support of Civil Authorities, the National Academy's Board on Army Science and Technology, and the Department of the Army Historical Advisory Committee.
His recent research has focused on developing the national security required to secure the long-term interests of the United States-protecting the public, providing for economic growth, and preserving civil liberties.
Michael Carpenter is Senior Director at the Penn Biden Center for Diplomacy and Global Engagement and a non-resident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council. He also serves on the board of directors of the Jamestown Foundation and the advisory board of Lithuania's National Defence Foundation. Dr. Carpenter served in the Pentagon as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense with responsibility for Russia, Eastern Europe, and Conventional Arms Control. He also served in the White House as a foreign policy advisor to Vice President Joe Biden as well as on the National Security Council as Director for Russia. Prior to his White House appointments, Dr. Carpenter was a career Foreign Service Officer with the State Department. He holds an M.A. and Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of California at Berkeley and a B.A. in International Relations from Stanford University. Carpenter received fellowships for his academic work from the MacArthur Foundation, IREX, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Fulbright Foundation. Dr. Carpenter regularly appears as a commentator on foreign affairs for BBC, MSNBC, CNN, Sky News, and Voice of America, among other media outlets.
Heather A. Conley is Senior Vice President for Europe, Eurasia, and the Arctic and Director of the Europe Program at CSIS. Prior to joining CSIS as a Senior Fellow and Director for Europe in 2009, Conley served four years as Executive Director of the Office of the Chairman of the Board at the American National Red Cross. From 2001 to 2005, she was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State in the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs with responsibilities for U.S. bilateral relations with the countries of Northern and Central Europe. From 1994 to 2001, she was a senior associate with an international consulting firm led by former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Richard L. Armitage.
Heather Conley began her career in the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs at the U.S. Department of State. She was selected to serve as Special Assistant to the Coordinator of U.S. Assistance to the Newly Independent States of the former Soviet Union and she has received two State Department Meritorious Honor Awards. She is frequently featured as a foreign policy analyst and Europe expert on CNN, MSNBC, BBC, NPR, and PBS, among other prominent media outlets. She received her B.A. in International Studies from West Virginia Wesleyan College and her M.A. in International Relations from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS).
Sławomir Dębski is the Director of PISM. He has a Ph.D. in History and is a foreign policy expert and has been an advisor to all of Poland's governments since 2000, as well as a team leader, institution builder and interagency communication expert. He joined the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM) in 2000 as a Russia foreign policy analyst, then served as the Eastern Europe research coordinator, followed by Head of the Research Office (2002-2007), Deputy Director, and then Director (2007-2010). In 2008, he was nominated to the Polish-Russian Group for Difficult Matters (2008-2016). In 2010, he became a special appointee of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage for the establishment of the Centre for Polish-Russian Dialogue and Understanding (CPRDiP), responsible for drafting an act of parliament and legislation procedures. In September 2011, he was appointed Director of CPRDiP. In February 2016 he was appointed Director od PISM for teh second time. In this capacity, he was the Head of the organisation team of the NATO Warsaw Summit Experts' Forum 2017, combining different domestic and international stakeholders. He has been the Editor-in-Chief of Polski Przegląd Dyplomatyczny [Polish Diplomatic Review] (since 2016 and in 2007-2010) and Europe, the Russian language quarterly (2001-2010), and is the author of one of the most acclaimed monographs about the Soviet-German Alliance of 1939 to 1941, with two editions in Poland, and one in Russia (2018). He also has been the editor of a few volumes of diplomatic documents, dozens of foreign policy studies, and essays.
Stephen J. Flanagan is a Senior Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation in Washington. His research interests include U.S. defence strategy, alliance and partnership relations in Europe/Eurasia, strategic deterrence, and outer-space security. Flanagan served in several senior positions in the U.S. government over the past four decades including at the National Security Council staff as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Defense Policy (2013-2015) and for Central and Eastern Europe (1997-1999); National Intelligence Officer for Europe; Associate Director and Member of the State Department's Policy Planning Staff; and Professional Staff Member, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. He also held senior research and faculty positions at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, National Defense University, the International Institute for Strategic Studies, and Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. He served as the lead advisor to former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in her capacity as Chair of the Group of Experts that developed the foundation for NATO's Strategic Concept. Flanagan has published six books and many reports and journal articles and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He earned an A.B. from Columbia University and a Ph.D. from the Fletcher School, Tufts Univ.
Justyna Gotkowska is the Coordinator of the Security and Defence in Northern Europe programme at the Warsaw-based Centre for Eastern Studies (OSW), where she has worked since 2008. There, she focuses on regional and European security and defence issues with a focus on Northern and Central Europe. At OSW, she has been following security and defence policy and armed forces' development in Germany and the Nordic and Baltic states. In recent years, she has also been writing about NATO's defence and deterrence posture on the Eastern Flank and researched EU security and defence policy from a Central European perspective. She has conducted projects for the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs on bilateral and multilateral military cooperation in Central Europe, security and defence cooperation between Poland and Germany, and the implications of CSDP development for Polish security policy, among others. She also has been involved in projects with the Tallinn-based International Centre for Defence Studies (ICDS) focused on Polish-Baltic defence cooperation. In 2018, she took part in the International Visitor Leadership Program organised by the U.S. Department of State. Justyna Gotkowska has authored multiple publications and is a security policy commentator for Polish and foreign media.
Michael Haltzel is Chairman of the Transatlantic Leadership Network and a Senior Fellow at the Foreign Policy Institute of Johns Hopkins University SAIS. From 1994 to 2005, Dr. Haltzel served as Democratic Staff Director, Subcommittee on European Affairs, Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and advisor to then-Senator Joseph R. Biden, Jr. In 2009-2010, he headed U.S. government delegations to three multi-week OSCE review conferences in Warsaw, Copenhagen, and Vienna.
His other previous positions include Chief of the European Division of the Library of Congress, Director of West European Studies at the Woodrow Wilson Center, Vice President-Academic Affairs at Longwood University, and, Deputy Director of the Aspen Institute Berlin.
The author of Der Abbau der deutschen ständischen Selbstverwaltung in den Ostseeprovinzen Russlands 1855-1905 (Marburg, 1977), Dr. Haltzel has been the co-author or editor of nine other books and the author of dozens of refereed scholarly journal articles. His op-eds have appeared in the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Newsweek, POLITICO, Huffington Post, and U.S. News & World Report. Haltzel is a frequent commentator on U.S. and European electronic media.
He received a B.A. magna cum laude from Yale, and an M.A. and Ph.D., both from Harvard. Dr. Haltzel is the recipient of state decorations from seven EU members: Austria, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, and Sweden.
Daniel S. Hamilton is the Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation Professor and directs the Foreign Policy Institute's "The United States, Europe, and World Order" programme at Johns Hopkins University's Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). He serves as President of the Transatlantic Leadership Network, a nonpartisan international network of practitioners, private sector leaders, and policy analysts dedicated to strengthening and reorienting transatlantic relations to the rapidly changing dynamics of a globalising world. He was the Founding Director of the SAIS Center for Transatlantic Relations and served for 15 years as Executive Director of the American Consortium for EU Studies.
He has held a variety of senior diplomatic positions, including Deputy Assistant Secretary for European Affairs, U.S. Special Coordinator for Southeast European Stabilization, Associate Director of the Policy Planning Staff for two U.S. Secretaries of State, and Director for Policy in the Bureau of European Affairs. He testifies regularly before the U.S. Congress and European parliaments, is a regular commentator for European and U.S. media, has served on advisory boards for a dozen foundations, research institutes and business associations, and has authored more than 100 books and articles on contemporary international affairs, most recently Open Door: NATO and Euro-Atlantic Security After the Cold War, and Exiting the Cold War, Entering a New World (both with Kristina Spohr, eds., 2019)
He has been presented with Germany's Cross of the Federal Order of Merit (Bundesverdienstkreuz); France's Knighthood of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques; and Sweden's Knighthood of the Royal Order of the Polar Star. He has a Ph.D. and M.A. with distinction from Johns Hopkins SAIS.
François Heisbourg is Senior Adviser for Europe of the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) and Special Advisor of the Paris-based Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS).
He has served in government (foreign ministry's Policy Planning Staff, International Security Advisor to the Minister of Defence), industry (Vice-President of Thomson-CSF, today's Thales; Senior Vice President at Matra Défense Espace, now part of Airbus), and academia (Professor of the world politics course at Sciences-Po Paris, Director of the IISS). He is a member of the International Council of CNRS (the French Scientific Research Council), and has sat on national and international blue-ribbon bodies, notably the French government's White Paper "La France face au terrorisme" (2006) and the Defence and national security White Papers (under President Sarkozy in 2007-2008 and President Hollande in 2012-2013); the International Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament; the International Commission on the Balkans; the EU Commission's group of personalities on security research and development).
He was Chairman of the International Institute for Strategic Studies from 2002 to 2018, and from 1998 to 2018, he chaired the Foundation Council of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy. In 2015-2017, he was a Richard von Weizsäcker Fellow at the Bosch Academy in Berlin.
François Heisbourg dealt with defence and national security issues as part of Emmanuel Macron's presidential campaign.
He has written extensively on defence and security questions and is a frequent contributor to specialist and mainstream media. His latest book is Comment perdre la guerre contre le terrorisme (2016, Paris, éditions Stock).
Vladimir V. Kara-Murza is a Russian democracy activist, author, and filmmaker. He was a long-time colleague of Russian opposition leader Boris Nemtsov and chairs the Boris Nemtsov Foundation for Freedom. He is a former deputy leader of the People's Freedom Party and was a candidate for the Russian State Duma. He has testified before parliaments in Europe and North America and played a key role in the passage of Magnitsky legislation in the U.S., Canada, the UK, and several EU countries that imposed targeted sanctions on Russian human-rights violators. U.S. Senator John McCain (R-Ariz.) called Vladimir Kara-Murza "one of the most passionate and effective advocates" for the law; U.S. Senator Ben Cardin (D-Md.) commended him as "a courageous advocate for the democratic process and fundamental universal human rights". Twice, in 2015 and 2017, he was poisoned with an unknown substance and left in a coma; the attempts on his life were widely viewed as politically motivated. He is a contributing writer to the Washington Post and has previously worked for the BBC, RTVi, Ekho Moskvy, Kommersant, and other media outlets. He directed two documentary films, They Chose Freedom and Nemtsov, and is the author of Reform or Revolution: The Quest for Responsible Government in the First Russian State Duma and a contributor to Russia's Choices: The Duma Elections and After, Russian Liberalism: Ideas and People, Why Europe Needs a Magnitsky Law, and Boris Nemtsov and Russian Politics: Power and Resistance.
Vladimir Kara-Murza led international efforts to commemorate Nemtsov, including with street designations in Washington D.C. and Vilnius. He is a co-founder of the Open Russia movement, a board member at the Free Russia Foundation, and a senior fellow at the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights; and has been a visiting fellow at the University of Chicago, leading a seminar course on contemporary Russia. He has been profiled on CBS's 60 Minutes and NBC Nightly News and has appeared on CNN, Fox News, MSNBC, and the BBC's Newsnight. He is a recipient of the Magnitsky Human Rights Award, the Sakharov Prize for Journalism as an Act of Conscience, the Geneva Summit Courage Award, the Train Foundation's Civil Courage Prize, and the Oxi Courage Award. He holds an M.A. (Cantab.) in History from Cambridge.
Jana Kobzova is a chief foreign policy expert in the Office of the President of Slovakia. Until summer 2019, she worked as the Policy Director at Rasmussen Global (RG), where she oversaw international policy and advocacy projects.
Before joining RG, she worked for the Brussels-based European Endowment for Democracy, where she developed and oversaw EED grant-making in the Eastern Partnership with a focus on Ukraine and Georgia. Prior to that, she was a policy fellow and coordinator of the Wider Europe programme at the London office of the European Council on Foreign Relations, writing analyses and managing ECFR advocacy efforts on Eastern Europe. Before that, Jana Kobzova led the Belarus democratisation programme at the Pontis Foundation in Slovakia. She has co-authored several books and reports on Eastern Europe, democratisation and the post-Soviet space.
Andrey Kortunov is the Director General of the Russian International Affairs Council. He graduated from Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO) in 1979 and completed his postgraduate studies at the Institute for U.S. and Canada Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1982. He holds a Ph.D. in History. Dr. Kortunov completed internships at the Soviet embassies in London and Washington, and at the Permanent Delegation of the USSR to the UN.
In 1982-1995, Dr. Kortunov held various positions in the Institute for U.S. and Canada Studies, including Deputy Director. He taught at universities around the world, including the University of California at Berkeley. In addition, he led several public organisations involved in higher education, social sciences, and social development.
Since 2011, Dr. Kortunov has been the Director General of RIAC. He is a member of expert and supervisory committees and boards of trustees of several Russian and international organisations. His academic interests include contemporary international relations and Russian foreign policy.
Robert Kupiecki is a career diplomat since 1993, as the former Undersecretary of National Defence (from 2012 until November 2015), Ambassador to the U.S., the Commonwealth of Bahamas, and observer to the Organisation of American States (2008-2012), Director of Security Policy Department, MFA (2004-2008), and Deputy Ambassador to NATO (1999-2004). He also held a number of other foreign service positions. In the 1990s, he participated in Poland's accession process to NATO. In 2013-2014, he led an interagency strategy group tasked with drafting the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland (adopted by the President in November 2014).
Ambassador Kupiecki graduated with distinction from the Faculty of History at the University of Warsaw (1991) and the National School of Public Administration (1994). He was a visiting scholar at the L.B.J. School of Public Administration (University of Texas, Austin), and an international fellow at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy. He holds a Ph.D. in international relations (University of Warsaw). In 2011, he received his habilitation from the Institute of Political Sciences, the Polish Academy of Sciences. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Warsaw (the Faculty of Political Science and International Studies).
Robert Kupiecki has authored or co-authored books and articles on contemporary history and international relations, including his most recent: Through the Eyes of a Strategist and Diplomat: The Polish-American Relations post-1918 (ed. 2019), Poland and NATO after the Cold War (2019), Organizacja Traktatu Północnoatlantyckiego [North Atlantic Treaty Organization] (2016), Siła i solidarność. Strategia NATO 1949-1989 [Power and Solidarity: NATO Strategy 1949-1989] (two editions, 2009; 2012), Transatlantic Relations in a Changing Security Environment (co-edited with A.A. Michta, 2015), Strategia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego RP. Pierwsze 25 lat [The National Security Strategy of Poland: The First 25 Years] (2015), and Obrona przeciwrakietowa w polskiej perspektywie [Missile Defense: The Polish Perspective] (2015).
Hryhoriy Nemyria is a former Chairman of the Committee on Human Rights, National Minorities and Interethnic Relations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and Deputy Chairman of the Batkivshchyna Party. In the previous Rada convocation, Dr. Nemyria chaired the Committee on European Integration. He served as Deputy Prime Minister responsible for European and international integration in the government of Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko (2007-2010). Prior to this, he was a BYuT Member of Parliament, where he chaired the Subcommittee on European and Euro-Atlantic Integration. He also assumed the position of the Deputy Head of the BYuT Faction. From 2006 to 2007, Dr. Nemyria was the Deputy Head of the Permanent Parliamentary Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) and the Ukrainian delegation to the Committee on Parliamentary Cooperation between Ukraine and the EU. In Tymoshenko's first government (2005), he served as her Foreign Policy and European Integration Advisor. Dr. Nemyria comes from Donetsk, where he began his academic career. He has an M.A. in History from Donetsk State University and a Ph.D. from Kyiv Taras Shevchenko University. He became Vice-Rector of the National University of Kyiv's Mohyla Academy and chaired the Board of the International Renaissance Foundation. He is also a graduate of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard.
Robin Niblett CMG is the Director of Chatham House (the Royal Institute of International Affairs) in 2007. From 2001 to 2006, he was the Executive Vice President and COO of the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Dr. Niblett is an expert on UK foreign policy, European political and economic security, and transatlantic relations.
He is a Non-Executive Director of Fidelity European Values Investment Trust and a member of the World Economic Forum Europe Policy Group. He was a Special Adviser to the House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee (2015-2017) and a member of the World Economic Forum Global Future Council on International Security (2016). He was Chairman of the Experts Group for the 2014 NATO Summit; Chairman of the World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on Europe (2012-2013) and Chair of the British Academy Steering Committee of Languages for Security Project (2013).
Oana Popescu-Zamfir is a former State Secretary for EU Affairs and current Director of the GlobalFocus Center, an independent foreign policy think-tank. She served as a Foreign Policy Advisor to the President of the Romanian Senate, Programmes Director of the Aspen Institute Romania, and Senior Editor of the Romanian edition of Foreign Policy magazine, after being a foreign affairs reporter and editor. Her expertise covers mainly geopolitics and security in the EU/NATO neighbourhood, transatlantic relations, global political risk and strategic analysis, EU affairs, migration, development, democratisation and human rights, asymmetric threats (cyber, hybrid, stratcom, terrorism), and shifting models of governance. Oana is an international consultant and media commentator, as well as writer and lecturer. She coordinates international research, public and expert strategy events, and is Managing Editor of an international affairs quarterly with a regional focus. Oana was a Fulbright scholar at Yale University, with executive studies at Harvard and St Andrew's.
Her most recent work has centred on internal and external threats to democracy, as well as the malign influence of third-party actors in Europe, as well as shifts in the global order and the impact of technology on society and politics. She has co-edited a widely acclaimed study, "Propaganda Made-to-Measure: How Our Vulnerabilities Facilitate Russian Influence", assessing the permeability of propaganda and subversion in the Black Sea region based on an original methodology, also replicated by the GlobalFocus Center in the Western Balkans.
Adam Daniel Rotfeld is former Poland's Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005) and former Director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) (1991-2002); Member of the United Nations Secretary General's Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters in 2006-2011 (chaired the ABDM in 2008); and the NATO Group of Experts (Wisemen Group) on a new Strategic Concept of Alliance (2009-2010). Co-Chairman of the Polish-Russian Group on Difficult Matters (2008-2015) and member of the OSCE Panel of Eminent Persons on European Security as a Common Project who produced the report "Back to Diplomacy" (2015).
He is a Member of the Polish Academy of Sciences Committee of the Political Sciences and has published more than 20 monographs and about 450 articles and studies. He is a researcher focused on the theory and practice of international security and human rights, conflict resolution, arms control, and disarmament. His most recent books include the International Order (The Polish Guild of Gutenberg Knights, Warsaw 2017) and In Search of Strategy (in Polish, BOSZ, Olszanica 2018).
He is currently a Professor with the Warsaw University Faculty "Artes Liberales".
Sven Sakkov is the Director of the ICDS International Centre for Defence and Security, a foreign affairs and defence think tank based in Tallinn, Estonia. Besides conducting wide-ranging research, ICDS also organises the Lennart Meri Conference and Annual Baltic Conference on Defence (ABCD), publishes the monthly Diplomaatia magazine, and runs the Estonian National Defence Course.
Before joining ICDS, he served for two years as the Director of the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (NATO CCDCOOE), an international knowledge hub specialising in research, training and exercises in the areas of technology, strategy, operations, and law.
Between 2008 and 2015, he served as Undersecretary for Defence Policy (policy director) of the Ministry of Defence of Estonia. During his tenure as a policy director, he was responsible for policy planning, threat assessments, NATO and EU policy, international cooperation, and arms control. He was an Estonian representative to NATO's Senior Officials' Group and High Level Group.
Previously, Sven Sakkov served at the Estonian embassy in Washington and Estonian mission to NATO, as national security and defence advisor to the President of Estonia and as the Director of Policy Planning at MOD.
He studied at the Royal College of Defence Studies (course in 2011-2012), University of Cambridge (M.Phil. in international relations), and University of Tartu (B.A. cum laude in history).
He is a member of NATO's CCDCOE Advisory Board.
Kori Schake is the Deputy Director-General of the International Institute for Strategic Studies. She is a contributing editor at The Atlantic, the author of Safe Passage: the Transition from British to American Hegemony (Harvard, 2017) and editor with Jim Mattis of Warriors and Citizens: American Views of Our Military (Hoover Institution, 2016). She has worked as the Director for Defense strategy and requirements on the National Security Council staff, as Deputy Director of policy planning in the State Department, and in both the military and civilian staffs in the Pentagon. In 2008, she was senior policy advisor on the McCain-Palin presidential campaign. She teaches in War Studies at King's College London and has previously taught at Stanford University, the United States Military Academy, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, and the University of Maryland.
Daniela Schwarzer is the Director of the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) since 2017, after leading its Research Institute (Nov. 2016 to June 2017). Until October 2016, she was Senior Director of Research and Director of the Europe Programme at the Berlin office of GMF. From 2005 to 2013, Schwarzer worked with the German Institute for International and Security Affairs. She headed the European Integration Division as of 2008 and was a Senior Fellow from 2005 to 2008. From 1999 to 2005, she was editorialist and France correspondent of FT Deutschland.
Lilia Shevtsova is an Associate Fellow at the Russia and Eurasia Programme at Chatham House, member of the boards of the Free Russia Foundation (U.S.), Finnish Centre for Excellence in Russian Studies, Andrei Sakharov Centre on Democratic Development (Lithuania), and Liberal Mission Foundation (Moscow); member of the Editorial Boards of the journals American Interest, Journal of Democracy, and New Eastern Europe; and, has an honorary doctorate from St. Gallen University (Switzerland). She was awarded the Estonian state order of the Cross Pro Terra Mariana for her participation in democracy promotion.
She was Senior Associate of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, founding Chair of the Davos World Economic Forum Council on Russia's Future, and a Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellow at the National Endowment for Democracy. She served as Chair of the Program on Eurasia and Eastern Europe, SSRC (Washington) and as a member of the Social Council for Central and Eastern European Studies.
Lilia Shevtsova is the author of Yeltsin's Russia: Myths and Reality; Putin's Russia; Russia - Lost in Transition: The Yeltsin and Putin Legacies; Lonely Power; We: Life in a Time of No Time (in Russian); and, Change and Decay. Russia's Dilemma and the West's Response (with Andrew Wood).
Julie Smith is Reader in European Politics and Director of the European Centre at the Department of Politics and International Studies, Cambridge University, and a Fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge. She previously ran the European Programme at Chatham House. As Baroness Smith of Newnham, she sits in the House of Lords, where she is the Liberal Democrat Spokesperson on Defence. She has served on the House of Lords' International Relations Committee since its creation in 2016.
Dr. Smith's main research interests are in the history and politics of the EU. Her work focuses on the UK's relations with the EU; democracy in Europe, including elections to the European Parliament, national parliaments, and the EU; and parliaments and budgetary politics. She is currently editing the Palgrave Handbook on European Referendums (due out in 2019). Recent publications include The UK's Journeys Into and Out of the EU: Destinations Unknown (London: Routledge, 2017; paperback edition May 2018).
Ulrich Speck is a Senior Visiting Fellow at The German Marshall Fund of the United States in Berlin. His work focuses on German foreign policy, the EU, transatlantic relations, and the global order. From 2015 to 2016, he was a Senior Fellow at the Transatlantic Academy at GMF in Washington, DC. He was previously a Visiting Scholar at Carnegie Europe in Brussels, an Associate Fellow at the Spanish think tank FRIDE, and the Editor of the Global Europe Morning Brief, a subscriber-only newsletter on EU foreign policy. From 2007 to 2009, Speck worked in different positions for RFE/RL in Prague and Brussels. His articles have appeared in the New York Times, Financial Times, Guardian, Moscow Times, on CNN.com, in the American Interest, and the Berlin Policy Journal, in FAZ, SZ, Tagesspiegel and elsewhere. Speck is a foreign policy columnist for Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ). He holds a Ph.D. in Modern History from the University of Frankfurt/Main.
Krzysztof Szczerski is the Chief of the Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Poland since April 2016. Has a master's degree in political science from Jagiellonian University (1997) and a Ph.D. from the Institute of Political Sciences and International Relations of Jagiellonian University (2001). His 2010 postdoctoral dissertation, "The dynamics of the European system," won a prize from the Prime Minister. Since 2013, he has been an Associate Professor at Jagiellonian University in Krakow and became a Professor of Social Sciences in 2018.
He has worked with the Office of the Prime Minister (1998-2001) and served as an Advisor to the Minister of Health in the fields of European integration, regional health policy, and healthcare systems (1999-2000). In 2007-2008, he was Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in the Office of the Committee for European Integration. He was a member of the Civil Service Council to the Prime Minister (2009-2010) and a Deputy to the Sejm (2011-2015). In January 2015, he became the representative of the Polish Parliament in PACE.
In August 2015, he became the Secretary of State in the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland, and since April 2016,
He is also a lecturer at the Diplomatic Academy of Warsaw and a member of the Council of the Polish Institute of International Affairs.
Bruno Tertrais is a Deputy Director of the Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (Foundation for Strategic Research, FRS), the main French think-tank on international security issues, since 2017.
His areas of expertise include geopolitics and international relations, strategic and military affairs, nuclear deterrence and non-proliferation, U.S. policy and transatlantic relations, and security in the Middle East and in Asia.
He was previously a Senior Research Fellow at FRS (2001-2016), a Special Assistant to the Director of Strategic Affairs at the Ministry of Defense (1993-2001), and Director of the Civilian Affairs Committee at the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (1990-1993).
In 1995-1996, he was Visiting Fellow at the RAND Corporation. In 2007-2008, he was a member of the Commission on the White Paper on Defence and National Security appointed by President Sarkozy and of the Commission on Foreign and European Policy appointed by Minister Alain Juppé. In 2012-2013, he was a member of the new Commission on the White Paper on Defence and National Security appointed by President Hollande.
Bruno Tertrais is a member of the Group of Eminent Persons of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organisation Preparatory Commission; a member of the Group of Eminent Persons for the Substantive Advancement of Nuclear Disarmament; a member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies; a member of the editorial board of The Washington Quarterly; a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Security and Strategic Analyses; a member the scientific advisory board of Champs de Mars; and, a member of the scientific advisory board of the Chaire Economie & Géopolitique of the Paris School of Business.
In 2010, he received the Vauban Prize for his distinguished career. In 2013, he was awarded the Grand Prix de l'impertinence et des bonnes nouvelles for an essay entitled "Un monde de catastrophes? Mythes et réalités du progress". In 2014, he was awarded the Legion of Honour. In 2016, he was the co-recipient of the Brienne Prize for his book Le Président et la Bombe. In 2017, he was the co-recipient of the Georges Erhard Prize for his book L'Atlas des fronti?res. His latest book is La Revanche de l'Histoire. Quand le passé change le monde (Editions Odile Jacob, 2017).
Vygaudas Ušackas is he former Minister of Foreign Affairs (2008-2010). Between October 2017 and October 2018, Ambassador Vygaudas Ušackas led the Institute of Europe at Kaunas University of Technology. He served as Ambassador of the European Union to the Russian Federation from September 2013 to October 2017, and from 2010 to 2013, he was the European Union Special Representative and Head of the European Union Delegation in Afghanistan.
After obtaining his Law Degree from Vilnius University and completing his post-graduate education in Political Sciences in Denmark and Norway in 1991, he joined the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In a distinguished career in the Foreign Service, he served as Counsellor to the Lithuanian Mission to both the EU and NATO from 1992 to 1996; Political Director of the Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1996 to 1999; Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania and Chief Negotiator for Lithuania's Accession to the European Union from 1999 to 2001; Lithuanian Ambassador to the United States of America and United Mexican States from 2001 to 2006; Ambassador of Lithuania to the Court of St. James from 2006 to 2008.
During the course of his career, he has received numerous awards, including the Order of Merits to Lithuania, Commander's Cross, state awards from Estonia, France, Georgia, Greece, Norway, Poland, Spain, and Ukraine, and an award of merits to the city of Utena, as well as the distinction as a member of honour of the Lithuanian Students' Union. He was awarded honorary citizenship of his hometown, Skuodas, in 2010, and of Ukmerg?, in 2013.
Sergey Utkin since 2016 is the Head of the Strategic Assessment Section at the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences. From 2016 to June 2018, he also headed the Foreign and Security Policy Department at the Moscow-based Centre for Strategic Research. In 2012-2016, he worked at the Centre for Situation Analysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, now merged with IMEMO. In 2006-2013, he worked at IMEMO, where his last position was Head of Section for Political Aspects of European Integration. He holds a PhD in political science (international relations), which he received at IMEMO in 2006 for his thesis on Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU. In 2002, he graduated from the Moscow Pedagogical State University, School of History. His research is focused on foreign and security policy of the EU, the EU's relations with Russia and the U.S., Russia's foreign policy in the Euro-Atlantic area.
Tomáš Valášek is the Director of Carnegie Europe, where his research focuses on security and defence, transatlantic relations, and Central Europe.
Previously, he served as the permanent representative of the Slovak Republic to NATO for nearly four years. Before that, he was President of the Central European Policy Institute in Bratislava (2012-2013), Director of foreign policy and defence at the Centre for European Reform in London (2007-2012), and founder and Director of the Brussels office of the World Security Institute (2002-2006). In 2006-2007, he served as acting Political Director and Head of the security and defence policy division at the Slovak Ministry of Defence.
He is the author of numerous articles in newspapers and journals, including in the International New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and Financial Times. He has advised Slovak defence and foreign ministers, the UK House of Lords, and the Group of Experts on the new NATO Strategic Concept.
Kurt Volker is Executive Director of The McCain Institute for International Leadership, a part of Arizona State University based in Washington, DC. Is a leading expert in U.S. foreign and national security policy with some 30 years of experience in a variety of government, academic, and private-sector capacities. He is also a Senior Advisor at the Atlantic Council, a Trustee of IAU College in Aix-en-Provence, France, and a member of the International Advisory Board of USIP. He is a consultant to international business, a member of the Board of Directors of CG Funds Trust, and has previously served as Managing Director, International, for the BGR Group. He has taught Transatlantic Relations at The George Washington University Elliott School of International Affairs and is a member of the School's Board of Advisors. In July 2017, Ambassador Volker served as U.S. Special Representative for Ukraine Negotiations (2017-2019).
Anna Wieslander is Director for Northern Europe at the Atlantic Council and concurrently serves as Secretary General of the Swedish Defence Association. She is also the Chairman of the Institute for Security and Development Policy (ISDP) in Stockholm. She was previously Deputy Director at the Swedish Institute of International Affairs (UI). Anna Wieslander has held positions as Head of the Speaker's Office in the Swedish Parliament, Secretary of the Swedish Defence Commission and Deputy Director of the Swedish Defence Ministry. She has also served as Communications Director in the private sector. She holds an I.B. exam from United World College of the American West (1987), a B.A. in journalism from Gothenburg University (1990), and an M.A. in political science from Lund University (1995). She is a Ph.D. candidate in international relations at Lund University and has pursued doctoral studies at the University of California at Berkeley. She is a 2015 alumna of the Georgetown University Leadership Seminar. Her expertise is in security and defence policy, Baltic sea security, NATO and partnerships, the transatlantic link, and issues affecting the defence industry.
Thomas Wright is Director of the Center on the United States and Europe and a Senior Fellow in International Order and Strategy at The Brookings Institution. His book All Measures Short of War: The Contest for the 21st Century and the Future of American Power was published by Yale University Press in 2017. Tom has a Ph.D. from Georgetown University, an M.Phil. from Cambridge University, and a B.A. and M.A. from University College Dublin. He currently writes on U.S. President Donald Trump's foreign policy, strategic competition in the 21st century, transatlantic relations, and the future of European integration.
Ernest Wyciszkiewicz is a Director of the Centre for Polish-Russian Dialogue and Understanding since 2016 and political scientist. Before that, he was the Deputy Director of the Centre, Head of the International Economy and Energy Security Programme and Senior Research Fellow at the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM), Managing Editor of Evropa, a Russian-language quarterly on European affairs (2003-2009). He is the Editor-in-Chief of the "Intersection Project."
Dov S. Zakheim is a Senior Fellow at CNA Corp. and a Senior Advisor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Previously, he was Senior Vice President of Booz Allen Hamilton. Dr. Zakheim served as Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) and DoD Chief Financial Officer (2001-2004) and as DOD coordinator of civilian programmes in Afghanistan (2002-2004). From 1985 to 1987, he was Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Planning and Resources. He is an Executive Advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations. He has served on Congressionally-mandated government commissions, the Defense Business Board, which he helped create, and chaired the National Intelligence Council's International Business Practices Advisory Panel. He sits on several corporate boards and is Vice Chairman of both the Foreign Policy Research Institute and the Center for the National Interest. He earned his B.A. from Columbia and his doctorate from Oxford. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, and Chatham House and is a Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Military Sciences. He appears frequently in media and is a regular contributor to The Hill and the National Interest.
