Learning Perl. 5th Edition

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• Learning Perl
  • A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  • Preface
    • Typographical Conventions
    • How to Contact Us
    • Using Code Examples
    • Safari Enabled
    • History of This Book
    • Acknowledgments
  • 1. Introduction
    • Questions and Answers
      • Is This the Right Book for You?
      • Why Are There So Many Footnotes?
      • What About the Exercises and Their Answers?
      • What Do Those Numbers at the Start of the Exercise Mean?
      • What If Im a Perl Course Instructor?
    • What Does Perl Stand For?
      • Why Did Larry Create Perl?
      • Why Didnt Larry Just Use Some Other Language?
      • Is Perl Easy or Hard?
      • How Did Perl Get to Be So Popular?
      • Whats Happening with Perl Now?
      • Whats Perl Really Good For?
      • What Is Perl Not Good For?
    • How Can I Get Perl?
      • What Is CPAN?
      • How Can I Get Support for Perl?
      • Are There Any Other Kinds of Support?
      • What If I Find a Bug in Perl?
    • How Do I Make a Perl Program?
      • A Simple Program
      • Whats Inside That Program?
      • How Do I Compile Perl?
    • A Whirlwind Tour of Perl
    • Exercises
  • 2. Scalar Data
    • Numbers
      • All Numbers Have the Same Format Internally
      • Floating-Point Literals
      • Integer Literals
      • Nondecimal Integer Literals
      • Numeric Operators
    • Strings
      • Single-Quoted String Literals
      • Double-Quoted String Literals
      • String Operators
      • Automatic Conversion Between Numbers and Strings
    • Perls Built-in Warnings
    • Scalar Variables
      • Choosing Good Variable Names
      • Scalar Assignment
      • Binary Assignment Operators
    • Output with print
      • Interpolation of Scalar Variables into Strings
      • Operator Precedence and Associativity
      • Comparison Operators
    • The if Control Structure
      • Boolean Values
    • Getting User Input
    • The chomp Operator
    • The while Control Structure
    • The undef Value
    • The defined Function
    • Exercises
  • 3. Lists and Arrays
    • Accessing Elements of an Array
    • Special Array Indices
    • List Literals
      • The qw Shortcut
    • List Assignment
      • The pop and push Operators
      • The shift and unshift Operators
    • Interpolating Arrays into Strings
    • The foreach Control Structure
      • Perls Favorite Default: $_
      • The reverse Operator
      • The sort Operator
    • Scalar and List Context
      • Using List-Producing Expressions in Scalar Context
      • Using Scalar-Producing Expressions in List Context
      • Forcing Scalar Context
    • <STDIN> in List Context
    • Exercises
  • 4. Subroutines
    • Defining a Subroutine
    • Invoking a Subroutine
    • Return Values
    • Arguments
    • Private Variables in Subroutines
    • Variable-Length Parameter Lists
      • A Better &max Routine
      • Empty Parameter Lists
    • Notes on Lexical (my) Variables
    • The use strict Pragma
    • The return Operator
      • Omitting the Ampersand
    • Nonscalar Return Values
    • Persistent, Private Variables
    • Exercises
  • 5. Input and Output
    • Input from Standard Input
    • Input from the Diamond Operator
    • The Invocation Arguments
    • Output to Standard Output
    • Formatted Output with printf
      • Arrays and printf
    • Filehandles
    • Opening a Filehandle
      • Bad Filehandles
      • Closing a Filehandle
    • Fatal Errors with die
      • Warning Messages with warn
    • Using Filehandles
      • Changing the Default Output Filehandle
    • Reopening a Standard Filehandle
    • Output with say
    • Exercises
  • 6. Hashes
    • What Is a Hash?
      • Why Use a Hash?
    • Hash Element Access
      • The Hash As a Whole
      • Hash Assignment
      • The Big Arrow
    • Hash Functions
      • The keys and values Functions
      • The each Function
    • Typical Use of a Hash
      • The exists Function
      • The delete Function
      • Hash Element Interpolation
    • The %ENV hash
    • Exercises
  • 7. In the World of Regular Expressions
    • What Are Regular Expressions?
    • Using Simple Patterns
      • About Metacharacters
      • Simple Quantifiers
      • Grouping in Patterns
      • Alternatives
    • Character Classes
      • Character Class Shortcuts
      • Negating the Shortcuts
    • Exercises
  • 8. Matching with Regular Expressions
    • Matches with m//
    • Option Modifiers
      • Case-Insensitive Matching with /i
      • Matching Any Character with /s
      • Adding Whitespace with /x
      • Combining Option Modifiers
      • Other Options
    • Anchors
      • Word Anchors
    • The Binding Operator, =~
    • Interpolating into Patterns
    • The Match Variables
      • The Persistence of Memory
      • Noncapturing Parentheses
      • Named Captures
      • The Automatic Match Variables
    • General Quantifiers
    • Precedence
      • Examples of Precedence
      • And Theres More
    • A Pattern Test Program
    • Exercises
  • 9. Processing Text with Regular Expressions
    • Substitutions with s///
      • Global Replacements with /g
      • Different Delimiters
      • Option Modifiers
      • The Binding Operator
      • Case Shifting
    • The split Operator
    • The join Function
    • m// in List Context
    • More Powerful Regular Expressions
      • Nongreedy Quantifiers
      • Matching Multiple-Line Text
      • Updating Many Files
      • In-Place Editing from the Command Line
    • Exercises
  • 10. More Control Structures
    • The unless Control Structure
      • The else Clause with unless
    • The until Control Structure
    • Expression Modifiers
    • The Naked Block Control Structure
    • The elsif Clause
    • Autoincrement and Autodecrement
      • The Value of Autoincrement
    • The for Control Structure
      • The Secret Connection Between foreach and for
    • Loop Controls
      • The last Operator
      • The next Operator
      • The redo Operator
      • Labeled Blocks
    • The Ternary Operator, ?:
    • Logical Operators
      • The Value of a Short-Circuit Operator
      • The defined-or Operator
      • Control Structures Using Partial-Evaluation Operators
    • Exercises
  • 11. Perl Modules
    • Finding Modules
    • Installing Modules
    • Using Simple Modules
      • The File::Basename Module
      • Using Only Some Functions from a Module
      • The File::Spec Module
      • CGI.pm
      • Databases and DBI
    • Exercise
  • 12. File Tests
    • File Test Operators
      • Testing Several Attributes of the Same File
      • Stacked File Test Operators
    • The stat and lstat Functions
    • The localtime Function
    • Bitwise Operators
      • Using Bitstrings
    • Exercises
  • 13. Directory Operations
    • Moving Around the Directory Tree
    • Globbing
    • An Alternate Syntax for Globbing
    • Directory Handles
    • Recursive Directory Listing
    • Manipulating Files and Directories
    • Removing Files
    • Renaming Files
    • Links and Files
    • Making and Removing Directories
    • Modifying Permissions
    • Changing Ownership
    • Changing Timestamps
    • Exercises
  • 14. Strings and Sorting
    • Finding a Substring with index
    • Manipulating a Substring with substr
    • Formatting Data with sprintf
      • Using sprintf with Money Numbers
    • Advanced Sorting
      • Sorting a Hash by Value
      • Sorting by Multiple Keys
    • Exercises
  • 15. Smart Matching and given-when
    • The Smart Match Operator
    • Smart Match Precedence
    • The given Statement
      • Dumb Matching
    • when with Many Items
    • Exercises
  • 16. Process Management
    • The system Function
      • Avoiding the Shell
    • The exec Function
    • The Environment Variables
    • Using Backquotes to Capture Output
      • Using Backquotes in a List Context
    • Processes as Filehandles
    • Getting Down and Dirty with Fork
    • Sending and Receiving Signals
    • Exercises
  • 17. Some Advanced Perl Techniques
    • Trapping Errors with eval
    • Picking Items from a List with grep
    • Transforming Items from a List with map
    • Unquoted Hash Keys
    • Slices
      • Array Slice
      • Hash Slice
    • Exercise
  • A. Exercise Answers
    • Answers to Chapter 2 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 3 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 4 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 5 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 6 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 7 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 8 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 9 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 10 Exercises
    • Answer to Chapter 11 Exercise
    • Answers to Chapter 12 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 13 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 14 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 15 Exercises
    • Answers to Chapter 16 Exercises
    • Answer to Chapter 17 Exercise
  • B. Beyond the Llama
    • Further Documentation
    • Regular Expressions
    • Packages
    • Extending Perls Functionality
      • Libraries
      • Modules
      • Finding and Installing Modules
      • Writing Your Own Modules
    • Some Important Modules
      • The CGI Modules
      • The Cwd Module
      • The Fatal Module
      • The File::Basename Module
      • The File::Copy Module
      • The File::Spec Module
      • The Image::Size Module
      • The Net::SMTP Module
      • The POSIX Module
      • The Sys::Hostname Module
      • The Text::Wrap Module
      • The Time::Local Module
    • Pragmas
      • The constant Pragma
      • The diagnostics Pragma
      • The lib Pragma
      • The strict Pragma
      • The vars Pragma
      • The warnings Pragma
    • Databases
      • Direct System Database Access
      • Flat-file Database Access
    • Other Operators and Functions
      • Transliteration with tr///
      • Here Documents
    • Mathematics
      • Advanced Math Functions
      • Imaginary and Complex Numbers
      • Large and High-Precision Numbers
    • Lists and Arrays
      • map and grep
      • The splice Operator
    • Bits and Pieces
    • Formats
    • Networking and IPC
      • System V IPC
      • Sockets
    • Security
    • Debugging
    • The Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
    • Command-Line Options
    • Built-in Variables
    • Syntax Extensions
    • References
      • Complex Data Structures
      • Object-Oriented Programming
      • Anonymous Subroutines and Closures
    • Tied Variables
    • Operator Overloading
    • Dynamic Loading
    • Embedding
    • Converting Other Languages to Perl
    • Converting find Command Lines to Perl
    • Command-Line Options in Your Programs
    • Embedded Documentation
    • More Ways to Open Filehandles
    • Locales and Unicode
    • Threads and Forking
    • Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)
    • And More
  • Index
  • About the Authors
  • Colophon

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